Index

A

Access List Items by String Index Lists Access Objects Using Braces Object Oriented Programming Access String Letters Strings Accessing the class attributes from braces inside class methods Scope Rules Add Items Lists addattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming AddDays() Date and Time Adding code to the generated code Code Generator Adding Hyperlink to QLabel Desktop and Mobile Development addmethod() Reflection and Meta-programming Animate Class Game Engine for 2D Games Animate Events Game Engine for 2D Games

Animation Game Engine for 2D Games Animation and Functions Game Engine for 2D Games Anonymous and Nested Functions Functional Programming Application Class Web Development (CGI Library) Applications How to contribute? Applications developed in little hours FetchStockData Application Fifteen Puzzle Game Introduction Quotes about Ring Samples in this book Squares Puzzle Game TicTacToe Game Werdy Application apppath() Stdlib Functions Arithmetic Operators Operators Ascii() Data Type Assert() Eval() and Debugging Assignment Operators Operators attributes() Reflection and Meta-programming

B

Better Code Generator for Extensions What is new in Ring 1.1? Better Documentation What is new in Ring 1.1? Better Natural Language Programming Support What is new in Ring 1.1? binarydigits() Stdlib Functions Bitwise Operators Operators BraceError() Method Natural Language Programming BraceExprEval Method Natural Language Programming BraceStart and BraceEnd Methods Natural Language Programming Branching Control Structures Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style

Building From Source Code Building using CMake Building using MacOS X Building using Microsoft Windows Building using Ubuntu Linux Introduction Building Games For Android Building the project Download Requirements and Update the Android SDK Introduction Project Folder Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Comments about developing for Android using RingQt Download Requirements Install Qt for Android Introduction Update the Android SDK Building the project Building Games For Android Building using CMake Building From Source Code Building using MacOS X Building From Source Code Building using Microsoft Windows Building From Source Code Building using Ubuntu Linux Building From Source Code

C

Call Functions Functions callgc() Low Level Functions Calling a function sharing the name with a method in the current class Scope Rules for Functions and Methods Can I connect to dbase/harbour database? Frequently Asked Questions Can Ring work on Windows XP? Frequently Asked Questions capitalized() Stdlib Functions cfunctions() Reflection and Meta-programming CGI Support Command Line Options Change Language Keywords Syntax Flexibility Change Language Operators Syntax Flexibility Change the '=' operator to 'is' Natural Language Programming Change the Ring Keyword 'And' Natural Language Programming Change the Ring Operator '+' Natural Language Programming changestring() Stdlib Functions Char() Data Type ChDir() Function System Functions Check Character Data Type Check Data Type Data Type Check Parameters Count Extension Check Parameters Type Extension Classes and Objects Object Oriented Programming Classes and their Methods to use the default events Desktop and Mobile Development classes() Reflection and Meta-programming classname() Reflection and Meta-programming Clean Natural Code Natural Language Programming Clearerr() Files clock() Date and Time Close Window Event RingLibSDL ClosPerSecond() Date and Time Code Generator Adding code to the generated code Comments in configuration file Configuration Files Examples Configuration file Configuration file for the Allegro library Defining Constants Determine Structure Members Types Enum and Numbers Executing code during code generation Filtering using Expressions Introduction Prefix for Functions Names Qt configuration file Register New Functions Threads Support Using configuration file that wrap C++ library Using the tool Wrap structures Wrapping C++ Classes function prototype Command Line Options CGI Support Generate Object File Introduction No Run Performance Printing Final Intermediate Code Printing Instruction Operation Code Printing Intermediate Code Printing Rules Printing Tokens Comments about developing for Android using RingQt Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Comments about evaluation Control Structures - First Style Comments in configuration file Code Generator Compact Syntax Language Design Compiler and Virtual Machine (VM) How to contribute?

Compiler Errors Reference Composition Object Oriented Programming Configuration file Code Generator Configuration file for the Allegro library Code Generator Configuration Files Examples Code Generator Configure the Apache web server Web Development (CGI Library) Conflict between Class Attributes and Local Variables Scope Rules Conflict between Global Variables and Class Attributes Frequently Asked Questions Scope Rules Conflict between self inside braces and self in the class region Scope Rules Constructor methods in Ring Frequently Asked Questions Contact the Autor Resources Control Structures Branching Looping Control Structures - First Style Comments about evaluation Do Again Loop Exit Exit from two loops Exit/Loop inside sub functions For In Loop For Loop Introduction Loop Command Looping Short-circuit evaluation Step Option Switch Statement While Loop for in to modify lists Control Structures - Second Style Branching Exceptions For In Loop For Loop If Statement Introduction Looping Switch Statement Control Structures - Third Style Branching Exceptions For In Loop For Loop If Statement Introduction Switch Statement While Loop Conversion Data Type Conversion Class Stdlib Classes Convert Letters Case Strings Cookies Web Development (CGI Library) Copy Lists Lists Copy() Strings Could you explain the output of the StrCmp() function? Frequently Asked Questions Create Database MySQL Functions Create Lists Lists Create Table and Insert Data MySQL Functions Create Window RingLibSDL Creating a Class for each Window in GUI applications Scope Rules Creating Menubar Desktop and Mobile Development Creating more than one window Desktop and Mobile Development Creating StatusBar Desktop and Mobile Development Creating the Game Window Game Engine for 2D Games Creating Toolbar Desktop and Mobile Development Creating Windows Installer Distributing Ring Application CRUD Example using MVC Web Development (CGI Library) CurrentDir() Function System Functions

D

Data Type Ascii() Char() Check Character Check Data Type Conversion Dec() Hex() Hex2str() Introduction IsAlNum() IsAlpha() IsCntrl() IsDigit() IsGraph() IsList() IsLower() IsNULL() IsNumber() IsPrint() IsPunct() IsSpace() IsString() IsUpper() IsXdigit() Number() Str2Hex() String() Type() Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes Web Development (CGI Library) DataType Class Stdlib Classes Date and Time AddDays() ClosPerSecond() Date() DiffDays() Introduction Time() TimeList() clock() Date() Date and Time DateTime Class Stdlib Classes dayofweek() Stdlib Functions Debug Class Stdlib Classes Dec() Data Type Decimals() Mathematical Functions Declarative Programming Declarative programming on the top of Object-Oriented Introduction More Beatiful Code Objects inside lists Return object by reference executing code after the end of object access Declarative programming on the top of Object-Oriented Declarative Programming Declare parameters Functions Decrypt() Security and Internet Functions Deep Copy Variables Define Declarative Languages Language Design Define Functions Functions Define Natural Statements Language Design Defining Constants Code Generator Defining Variables and Variables Access Scope Rules Delete Item From List Lists Demo Programs Introduction Language Shell Main Menu The Cards Game Designed for a clear goal Language Design Desktop and Mobile Development Adding Hyperlink to QLabel Classes and their Methods to use the default events Creating Menubar Creating StatusBar Creating Toolbar Creating more than one window Display Image using QLabel Display Scaled Image using QLabel Drawing using QPainter Dynamic Objects Inheritance from GUI Classes KeyPress and Mouse Move Events Menubar and StyleSheet Example Methods to use Events with Events Filter Movable Label Example Moving Objects using the Mouse Notepad Application Other Widgets Events Playing Sound Printing using QPrinter QLineEdit Events and QMessageBox QMessagebox Example QVideoWidget and QMediaPlayer RingQt Classes and their Qt Documentation Simple Client and Server Example The Cards Game The Difference between Qt and RingQt The First GUI Application Using Layout Using QCheckBox Using QComboBox Class Using QDateEdit Using QDesktopWidget Class Using QDial Using QDockWidget Using QFrame Using QInputDialog Class Using QProgressBar Using QProgressBar and Timer Using QRadioButton and QButtonGroup Using QSlider Using QSpinBox Using QTabWidget Using QTableWidget Using QTreeView and QFileSystemModel Using QTreeWidget and QTreeWidgetItem Using QWebView Using qLCDNumber Using the QColorDialog Class Using the QFileDialog Class Using the QListWidget Class Using the QTextEdit Class Using the QTimer Class Weight History Application Determine Structure Members Types Code Generator

DiffDays() Date and Time Dir() Files direxists() Stdlib Functions Display Error Message Extension Display Image RingLibSDL Display Image using QLabel Desktop and Mobile Development Display PNG Images RingLibSDL Display Scaled Image using QLabel Desktop and Mobile Development Display Transparent Images RingLibSDL Distributing Applications and Games for Mobile Distributing Ring Application Distributing Applications for Microsoft Windows Distributing Ring Application Distributing Ring Application Creating Windows Installer Distributing Applications and Games for Mobile Distributing Applications for Microsoft Windows Introduction Protecting the Source Code Using C/C++ Compiler and Linker Do Again Loop Control Structures - First Style Documentation How to contribute? Download Requirements Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Download Requirements and Update the Android SDK Building Games For Android Download() Security and Internet Functions Draw Rectangle RingLibSDL Drawing Text Game Engine for 2D Games Drawing using QPainter Desktop and Mobile Development Drawing, Animation and Input Graphics and Game Programming Dynamic Attributes Object Oriented Programming Dynamic Objects Desktop and Mobile Development Dynamic Typing Variables

E

Editors Support How to contribute? Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs Introduction Ring State Ring State Functions Ring State Variables Encourage Organization Language Design Encrypt() Security and Internet Functions endswith() Stdlib Functions Enum and Numbers Code Generator Equality of functions Functional Programming Eval() Eval() and Debugging Eval() and Debugging Assert() Eval() Introduction Raise() Try/Carch/Done evenorodd() Stdlib Functions Example Files Mathematical Functions Natural Language Programming Security and Internet Functions System Functions Example about Sharing Names between Functions and Methods Scope Rules for Functions and Methods

Exceptions Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style Execute Query and Print Result ODBC Functions executing code after the end of object access Declarative Programming Executing code during code generation Code Generator ExeFileName() Function System Functions ExeFolder() Function System Functions Exit Control Structures - First Style Exit from two loops Control Structures - First Style Exit/Loop inside sub functions Control Structures - First Style Extension Check Parameters Count Check Parameters Type Display Error Message Fopen() and Fclose() Implementation Function Prototype Function Structure Get Parameters Values Introduction Module Organization MySQL_Columns() Implementation RING API - String Functions RING API - list Functions Return Value Shared Libraries Sin() Implementation ring_ext.c ring_ext.h Extensions in C/C++ How to contribute?

F

factorial() Stdlib Functions factors() Stdlib Functions Fclose() Files Features Introduction Feof() Files Ferror() Files FetchStockData Application Applications developed in little hours Fexists() Files Fflush() Files Fgetc() Files Fgetpos() Files Fgets() Files fibonacci() Stdlib Functions Fifteen Puzzle Game Applications developed in little hours File Class Stdlib Classes File Hash Security and Internet Functions file2list() Stdlib Functions Files Clearerr() Dir() Example Fclose() Feof() Ferror() Fexists() Fflush() Fgetc() Fgetpos() Fgets() Fopen() Fputc() Fputs() Fread() Freopen() Fseek() Fsetpos() Ftell() Fwrite() Introduction Perror() Read File using Read() Remove() Rename() Rewind() Tempfile() Tempname() Ungetc() Write file using Write() filter() Stdlib Functions Filtering using Expressions Code Generator Find SubString Strings Find() and List of Objects Object Oriented Programming First-Class Functions Functional Programming

First-Class Lists Lists Flappy Bird 3000 Game Game Engine for 2D Games Fopen() Files Fopen() and Fclose() Implementation Extension For In Loop Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style for in to modify lists Control Structures - First Style For Loop Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style Fputc() Files Fputs() Files Fread() Files Freopen() Files Frequently Asked Questions Can I connect to dbase/harbour database? Can Ring work on Windows XP? Conflict between Global Variables and Class Attributes Constructor methods in Ring Could you explain the output of the StrCmp() function? Getter and Setter Methods Goal of including the "Main" function in Ring How can I disable maximize button and resize window? How to Close a window then displaying another one? How to add Combobox and other elements to the cells of a QTableWidget? How to create a Modal Window? How to create an array of buttons in GUI applications? How to extend RingQt and add more classes? How to get the current source file path? How to get the file size using ftell() and fseek() functions? How to insert an item to the first position in the list? How to perform some manipulations on selected cells in QTableWidget? How to print keys or values only in List/Dictionary? How to print lists that contains objects? How to print new lines and other characters? How to use NULL and ISNULL() function? How to use SQLite using ODBC? How to use many source code files in the project? Introduction Is Ring some sort of improvement over PHP? List index start from 1 Philosophy behind data types in Ring Search of global names while defining the class attributes The documentation says functional programming is supported, but then this happens? What about predefined parameters or optional parameters in functions? What about the Boolean values in Ring? What are the advantages to using Ring over C# or Java? What are the advantages to using Ring over Lisp or Smalltalk? What are the advantages to using Ring over Python and Ruby? What are the advantages to using Ring over Tcl and Lua? What are the advantages to using Ring over native C or C++? What happens when we create a new object? What is the difference between Ring and Python? And is Ring Open Source? Where can I write a program and execute it? Why I get Calling Function without definition Error? Why I get a strange result when printing nl with lists? Why Ring is largely focussed on UI creation? Why Ring is weakly typed? Why Ring uses 'See', 'Give', 'But' and 'Ok' Keywords? Why do we need Yet Another Programming Language (YAPL)? Why setClickEvent() doesn't see the object methods directly? Why the ability to define your own languages Instead of just handing over the syntax so you can parse it using whatever code you like? Why the window title bar is going outside the screen? Why this example use the GetChar() twice? Why we don't use () after the qApp class name? Why you can specify the number of loops you want to break out of? Fseek() Files Fsetpos() Files Ftell() Files Function Prototype Extension function prototype Code Generator Function Structure Extension Functional Programming Anonymous and Nested Functions Equality of functions First-Class Functions Higher-order Functions Introduction Pure Functions Functions Call Functions Declare parameters Define Functions Introduction Main Function Recursion Return Value Send Parameters Variables Scope functions() Reflection and Meta-programming Fwrite() Files

G

Game Class Game Engine for 2D Games Game Engine Classes Game Engine for 2D Games Game Engine for 2D Games Animate Class Animate Events Animation Animation and Functions Creating the Game Window Drawing Text Flappy Bird 3000 Game Game Class Game Engine Classes GameObject Class Games Layer Graphics Library Bindings Interface to graphics library Introduction Map Map Class Map Events Moving Text Object and Drawing Playing Sound Project Layers Sound Class Sprite Automatic Movement Sprite Class Sprite Keypress Event Sprite Mouse Event Sprite State Event Stars Fighter Game Super Man 2016 Game Text Class What is new in Ring 1.1? GameObject Class Game Engine for 2D Games Games Layer Game Engine for 2D Games gcd() Stdlib Functions Generate Object File Command Line Options Generate/Execute Ring Object Files (*.ringo) What is new in Ring 1.1? Generating Pages using Objects Web Development (CGI Library) Get Active Source File Name System Functions Get Command Line Arguments System Functions Get List Item Lists Get List Size Lists Get Number of Characters from position Strings Get Parameters Values Extension Get String Length Strings

Get Substring from position to end Strings getattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming GetChar() Getting Input getnumber() Stdlib Functions getstring() Stdlib Functions Getter and Setter Methods Frequently Asked Questions Getting Input GetChar() Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Give Command Input() Introduction Getting Started - First Style Getting Input Hello World Introduction Multi-Line literals No Explicit End For Statements Not Case-Sensitive Run the program Writing Comments Getting Started - Second Style Getting Input Hello World Introduction Multi-Line literals No Explicit End For Statements Not Case-Sensitive Run the program Writing Comments Getting Started - Third Style Getting Input Hello World Introduction Multi-Line literals No Explicit End For Statements Not Case-Sensitive Run the program Writing Comments Give Command Getting Input globals() Reflection and Meta-programming Goal of including the "Main" function in Ring Frequently Asked Questions Gradient Web Development (CGI Library) Graphics and Game Programming Drawing, Animation and Input Introduction Playing Sound Scaling and Rotating Images Threads Transparent Image TrueType Fonts Graphics Library Bindings Game Engine for 2D Games

H

Hash Functions Web Development (CGI Library) HashTable Class Stdlib Classes Hello World Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Hello World Program using the Web Library Web Development (CGI Library) Hex() Data Type Hex2str() Data Type Higher-order Functions Functional Programming History Introduction Natural Language Programming How can I disable maximize button and resize window? Frequently Asked Questions How Ring find a functions and methods? Scope Rules for Functions and Methods How Ring find the Variable? Scope Rules How to add Combobox and other elements to the cells of a QTableWidget? Frequently Asked Questions How to Close a window then displaying another one? Frequently Asked Questions How to contribute? Applications Compiler and Virtual Machine (VM) Documentation Editors Support Extensions in C/C++ Ideas and suggestions Introduction Libraries in Ring Samples Special thanks to contributors Testing How to create a Modal Window? Frequently Asked Questions How to create an array of buttons in GUI applications? Frequently Asked Questions

How to extend RingQt and add more classes? Frequently Asked Questions How to get the current source file path? Frequently Asked Questions How to get the file size using ftell() and fseek() functions? Frequently Asked Questions How to insert an item to the first position in the list? Frequently Asked Questions How to perform some manipulations on selected cells in QTableWidget? Frequently Asked Questions How to print keys or values only in List/Dictionary? Frequently Asked Questions How to print lists that contains objects? Frequently Asked Questions How to print new lines and other characters? Frequently Asked Questions How to use many source code files in the project? Frequently Asked Questions How to use NULL and ISNULL() function? Frequently Asked Questions How to use SQLite using ODBC? Frequently Asked Questions HTML Lists Web Development (CGI Library) HTML Special Characters Web Development (CGI Library) HTML Tables Web Development (CGI Library) HTTP Get Example Web Development (CGI Library) HTTP POST Example Web Development (CGI Library)

I

Ideas and suggestions How to contribute? If Statement Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style Inheritance Object Oriented Programming Inheritance from GUI Classes Desktop and Mobile Development Input() Getting Input Insert() Lists Install Qt for Android Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Interface to graphics library Game Engine for 2D Games Internet Class Stdlib Classes Introduction Features History Introduction Motivation Is Ring some sort of improvement over PHP? Frequently Asked Questions IsAlNum() Data Type IsAlpha() Data Type IsAndroid() Function System Functions isattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming iscfunction() Reflection and Meta-programming isclass() Reflection and Meta-programming IsCntrl() Data Type IsDigit() Data Type IsFreeBSD() Function System Functions isfunction() Reflection and Meta-programming isglobal() Reflection and Meta-programming IsGraph() Data Type isleapyear() Stdlib Functions IsLinux() Function System Functions IsList() Data Type

islocal() Reflection and Meta-programming IsLower() Data Type IsMacOSX() Function System Functions ismainsourcefile() Stdlib Functions ismethod() Reflection and Meta-programming IsMSDOS() Function System Functions IsNULL() Data Type IsNumber() Data Type isobject() Reflection and Meta-programming ispackage() Reflection and Meta-programming ispackagesclass() Reflection and Meta-programming isprime() Stdlib Functions IsPrint() Data Type isprivateattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming isprivatemethod() Reflection and Meta-programming IsPunct() Data Type IsSpace() Data Type isspecial() Stdlib Functions IsString() Data Type IsUnix() Function System Functions IsUpper() Data Type isvowel() Stdlib Functions IsWindows() Function System Functions IsWindows64() Function System Functions IsXdigit() Data Type

K

KeyPress and Mouse Move Events Desktop and Mobile Development

L

Language Design Compact Syntax Define Declarative Languages Define Natural Statements Designed for a clear goal Encourage Organization Introduction Simple Smart Garbage Collector Transparent Implementation Trying to be natural Visual Implementation Why Ring? Language Functions Reference Language Grammar Reference Language Keywords Reference Language Shell Demo Programs lcm() Stdlib Functions Left() Strings Libraries in Ring How to contribute? linecount() Stdlib Functions Lines() Strings List Class Stdlib Classes

List index start from 1 Frequently Asked Questions List of changes and new features What is new in Ring 1.1? list of functions Mathematical Functions list2file() Stdlib Functions Lists Access List Items by String Index Add Items Copy Lists Create Lists Delete Item From List First-Class Lists Get List Item Get List Size Insert() Introduction Nested Lists Passing Lists to Functions Passing Parameters Using List Reverse() Search Set List Item Sort() Using Lists during definition Load Syntax Files Syntax Flexibility locals() Reflection and Meta-programming Logical Operators Operators Loop Command Control Structures - First Style Looping Control Structures Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Second Style Low Level Functions Introduction callgc() nullpointer() object2pointer() pointer2object() space() varptr()

M

Main Function Functions Main Menu Demo Programs makedir() Stdlib Functions Map Game Engine for 2D Games Map Class Game Engine for 2D Games Map Events Game Engine for 2D Games map() Stdlib Functions Math Class Stdlib Classes Mathematical Functions Decimals() Example Introduction Random() Unsigned() list of functions matrixmulti() Stdlib Functions matrixtrans() Stdlib Functions MD5() Security and Internet Functions Menubar and StyleSheet Example Desktop and Mobile Development mergemethods() Reflection and Meta-programming Methods to use Events with Events Filter Desktop and Mobile Development methods() Reflection and Meta-programming Misc Operators Operators Module Organization Extension More Beatiful Code Declarative Programming Motivation Introduction Mouse Events RingLibSDL Movable Label Example Desktop and Mobile Development

Moving Objects using the Mouse Desktop and Mobile Development Moving Text Game Engine for 2D Games Multi-Line literals Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style MySQL Class Stdlib Classes MySQL Functions Create Database Create Table and Insert Data Introduction MySQL_AutoCommit() MySQL_Close() MySQL_Columns() MySQL_Commit() MySQL_Connect() MySQL_Error() MySQL_Escape_String() MySQL_Info() MySQL_Init() MySQL_Inser_ID() MySQL_Next_Result() MySQL_Query() MySQL_Result() MySQL_Result2() MySQL_Rollback() Print Query Result Restore Image From The Database Save Image Inside the Database Transaction Example MySQL_AutoCommit() MySQL Functions MySQL_Close() MySQL Functions MySQL_Columns() MySQL Functions MySQL_Columns() Implementation Extension MySQL_Commit() MySQL Functions MySQL_Connect() MySQL Functions MySQL_Error() MySQL Functions MySQL_Escape_String() MySQL Functions MySQL_Info() MySQL Functions MySQL_Init() MySQL Functions MySQL_Inser_ID() MySQL Functions MySQL_Next_Result() MySQL Functions MySQL_Query() MySQL Functions MySQL_Result() MySQL Functions MySQL_Result2() MySQL Functions MySQL_Rollback() MySQL Functions

N

Natural Language Programming BraceError() Method BraceExprEval Method BraceStart and BraceEnd Methods Change the '=' operator to 'is' Change the Ring Keyword 'And' Change the Ring Operator '+' Clean Natural Code Example History Introduction Real Natual Code Using Eval() with our Natural Code Nested Lists Lists New Functions and Changes What is new in Ring 1.1? newlist() Stdlib Functions No Explicit End For Statements Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style

No Run Command Line Options Not Case-Sensitive Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Notepad Application Desktop and Mobile Development nullpointer() Low Level Functions Number() Data Type

O

Object and Drawing Game Engine for 2D Games Object Oriented Programming Access Objects Using Braces Classes and Objects Composition Dynamic Attributes Find() and List of Objects Inheritance Introduction Operator Overloading Packages Printing Objects Private Attributes and Methods Setter and Getter Sort() and List of Objects Using Self.Attribute object2pointer() Low Level Functions objectid() Reflection and Meta-programming Objects inside lists Declarative Programming ODBC Class Stdlib Classes ODBC Functions Execute Query and Print Result Introduction Open and Close Connection Print List of ODBC Data Sources Print List of ODBC Drivers Save and Restore Images Transactions and Using Commit and Rollback odbc_autocommit() odbc_close() odbc_colcount() odbc_columns() odbc_commit() odbc_connect() odbc_datasources() odbc_disconnect() odbc_drivers() odbc_execute() odbc_fetch() odbc_getdata() odbc_init() odbc_rollback() odbc_tables() odbc_autocommit() ODBC Functions odbc_close() ODBC Functions odbc_colcount() ODBC Functions odbc_columns() ODBC Functions odbc_commit() ODBC Functions odbc_connect() ODBC Functions odbc_datasources() ODBC Functions

odbc_disconnect() ODBC Functions odbc_drivers() ODBC Functions odbc_execute() ODBC Functions odbc_fetch() ODBC Functions odbc_getdata() ODBC Functions odbc_init() ODBC Functions odbc_rollback() ODBC Functions odbc_tables() ODBC Functions Open and Close Connection ODBC Functions Operator Overloading Object Oriented Programming Operators Arithmetic Operators Assignment Operators Bitwise Operators Introduction Logical Operators Misc Operators Operators Precedence Relational Operators Operators Precedence Operators Other Widgets Events Desktop and Mobile Development

P

Packages Object Oriented Programming packages() Reflection and Meta-programming packagesclasses() Reflection and Meta-programming Page Class Web Development (CGI Library) palindrome() Stdlib Functions Passing Lists to Functions Lists Passing Parameters Using List Lists Performance Command Line Options permutation() Stdlib Functions Perror() Files Philosophy behind data types in Ring Frequently Asked Questions Play Sound RingLibSDL Playing Sound Desktop and Mobile Development Game Engine for 2D Games Graphics and Game Programming pointer2object() Low Level Functions Prefix for Functions Names Code Generator Print List of ODBC Data Sources ODBC Functions Print List of ODBC Drivers ODBC Functions

Print Query Result MySQL Functions print() Stdlib Functions Printing Final Intermediate Code Command Line Options Printing Instruction Operation Code Command Line Options Printing Intermediate Code Command Line Options Printing Objects Object Oriented Programming Printing Rules Command Line Options Printing Tokens Command Line Options Printing using QPrinter Desktop and Mobile Development Private Attributes and Methods Object Oriented Programming prodlist() Stdlib Functions Program Structure Introduction Source Code File Sections Using Many Source Code Files Project Folder Building Games For Android Project Layers Game Engine for 2D Games Protecting the Source Code Distributing Ring Application Pure Functions Functional Programming puts() Stdlib Functions

Q

QAbstractButton Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractItemView Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractScrollArea Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractSlider Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractSocket Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractSpinBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QAction Class RingQt Classes Reference QAllEvents Class RingQt Classes Reference QApp Class RingQt Classes Reference QBitmap Class RingQt Classes Reference QBoxLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QBrush Class RingQt Classes Reference QButtonGroup Class RingQt Classes Reference QByteArray Class RingQt Classes Reference QCamera Class RingQt Classes Reference QCameraImageCapture Class RingQt Classes Reference QCameraViewfinder Class RingQt Classes Reference QCheckBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QColor Class RingQt Classes Reference QColorDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QComboBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QDate Class RingQt Classes Reference QDateEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QDateTimeEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QDesktopWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QDial Class RingQt Classes Reference QDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QDir Class RingQt Classes Reference QDirModel Class RingQt Classes Reference QDockWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QEvent Class RingQt Classes Reference QFileDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QFileInfo Class RingQt Classes Reference QFileSystemModel Class RingQt Classes Reference QFont Class RingQt Classes Reference QFontDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QFontMetrics Class RingQt Classes Reference QFrame Class RingQt Classes Reference QGradient Class RingQt Classes Reference QGraphicsVideoItem Class RingQt Classes Reference QGridLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QHBoxLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QHeaderView Class RingQt Classes Reference QHostAddress Class RingQt Classes Reference QHostInfo Class RingQt Classes Reference QIcon Class RingQt Classes Reference QImage Class RingQt Classes Reference QInputDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QIODevice Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonArray Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonDocument Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonObject Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonParseError Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonValue Class RingQt Classes Reference QKeySequence Class RingQt Classes Reference QLabel Class RingQt Classes Reference QLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QLCDNumber Class RingQt Classes Reference QLinearGradient Class RingQt Classes Reference QLineEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QLineEdit Events and QMessageBox Desktop and Mobile Development QListWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QListWidgetItem Class RingQt Classes Reference QMainWindow Class RingQt Classes Reference QMediaObject Class RingQt Classes Reference QMediaPlayer Class RingQt Classes Reference QMediaPlaylist Class RingQt Classes Reference QMenu Class RingQt Classes Reference QMenuBar Class RingQt Classes Reference QMessageBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QMessagebox Example Desktop and Mobile Development QNetworkAccessManager Class RingQt Classes Reference QNetworkProxy Class RingQt Classes Reference QNetworkReply Class RingQt Classes Reference

QNetworkRequest Class RingQt Classes Reference QObject Class RingQt Classes Reference QPainter Class RingQt Classes Reference QPainterPath Class RingQt Classes Reference QPen Class RingQt Classes Reference QPicture Class RingQt Classes Reference QPixmap Class RingQt Classes Reference QPlainTextEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QPoint Class RingQt Classes Reference QPointF Class RingQt Classes Reference QPrinter Class RingQt Classes Reference QProgressBar Class RingQt Classes Reference QPushButton Class RingQt Classes Reference QRadioButton Class RingQt Classes Reference QRect Class RingQt Classes Reference QRegularExpression Class RingQt Classes Reference QRegularExpressionMatch Class RingQt Classes Reference QRegularExpressionMatchIterator Class RingQt Classes Reference QSize Class RingQt Classes Reference QSlider Class RingQt Classes Reference QSpinBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QSplashScreen Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlDatabase Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlDriver Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlDriverCreatorBase Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlError Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlField Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlIndex Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlQuery Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlRecord Class RingQt Classes Reference QStatusBar Class RingQt Classes Reference QStringList Class RingQt Classes Reference QSystemTrayIcon Class RingQt Classes Reference Qt configuration file Code Generator QTableView Class RingQt Classes Reference QTableWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QTableWidgetItem Class RingQt Classes Reference QTabWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QTcpServer Class RingQt Classes Reference QTcpSocket Class RingQt Classes Reference QTest Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextBlock Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextCharFormat Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextCodec Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextCursor Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextDocument Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QThread Class RingQt Classes Reference QThreadPool Class RingQt Classes Reference QTime Class RingQt Classes Reference QTimer Class RingQt Classes Reference QToolBar Class RingQt Classes Reference QTreeView Class RingQt Classes Reference QTreeWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QTreeWidgetItem Class RingQt Classes Reference Queue Class Stdlib Classes Quotes about Ring Applications developed in little hours QUrl Class RingQt Classes Reference QVariant Class RingQt Classes Reference QVBoxLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QVideoWidget and QMediaPlayer Desktop and Mobile Development QVideoWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QVideoWidgetControl Class RingQt Classes Reference QWebView Class RingQt Classes Reference QWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamAttribute Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamAttributes Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamEntityDeclaration Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamEntityResolver Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamNamespaceDeclaration Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamNotationDeclaration Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamReader Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamWriter Class RingQt Classes Reference

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Raise() Eval() and Debugging RandBytes() Security and Internet Functions Random Image Web Development (CGI Library) Random() Mathematical Functions Read File using Read() Files readline() Stdlib Functions Real Natual Code Natural Language Programming Recursion Functions Reference Compiler Errors Introduction Language Functions Language Grammar Language Keywords Runtime Errors Virtual Machine Instructions Reflection and Meta-programming Introduction addattribute() addmethod() attributes() cfunctions() classes() classname() functions() getattribute() globals() isattribute() iscfunction() isclass() isfunction() isglobal() islocal() ismethod() isobject() ispackage() ispackagesclass() isprivateattribute() isprivatemethod() locals() mergemethods() methods() objectid() packages() packagesclasses() setattribute() Register New Functions Code Generator Relational Operators Operators Remove() Files Rename() Files Resources Contact the Autor Introduction Ring Group Ring Language Website Restore Image From The Database MySQL Functions Return object by reference Declarative Programming Return Value Extension Functions Reverse() Lists Rewind() Files Right() Strings RING API - list Functions Extension RING API - String Functions Extension

Ring CGI Hello World Program Web Development (CGI Library) Ring Group Resources Ring Language Website Resources Ring Notepad Introduction Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first GUI application Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first Web application Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first console application Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first game Ring Notepad - Main Window Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first console application Ring Notepad Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first game Ring Notepad Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first GUI application Ring Notepad Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first Web application Ring Notepad Ring Notepad - Main Window Ring Notepad Ring State Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs Ring State Functions Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs Ring State Variables Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs ring_ext.c Extension ring_ext.h Extension RingAllegro Functions Reference Introduction RingCodeHighlighter Class RingQt Classes Reference RingLibSDL Close Window Event Create Window Display Image Display PNG Images Display Transparent Images Draw Rectangle Introduction Mouse Events Play Sound Switch Between Two Images Use TTF Fonts What is new in Ring 1.1? RingLibSDL Functions Reference Introduction RingQt Classes and their Qt Documentation Desktop and Mobile Development RingQt Classes Reference Introduction QAbstractButton Class QAbstractItemView Class QAbstractScrollArea Class QAbstractSlider Class QAbstractSocket Class QAbstractSpinBox Class QAction Class QAllEvents Class QApp Class QBitmap Class QBoxLayout Class QBrush Class QButtonGroup Class QByteArray Class QCamera Class QCameraImageCapture Class QCameraViewfinder Class QCheckBox Class QColor Class QColorDialog Class QComboBox Class QDate Class QDateEdit Class QDateTimeEdit Class QDesktopWidget Class QDial Class QDialog Class QDir Class QDirModel Class QDockWidget Class QEvent Class QFileDialog Class QFileInfo Class QFileSystemModel Class QFont Class QFontDialog Class QFontMetrics Class QFrame Class QGradient Class QGraphicsVideoItem Class QGridLayout Class QHBoxLayout Class QHeaderView Class QHostAddress Class QHostInfo Class QIODevice Class QIcon Class QImage Class QInputDialog Class QJsonArray Class QJsonDocument Class QJsonObject Class QJsonParseError Class QJsonValue Class QKeySequence Class QLCDNumber Class QLabel Class QLayout Class QLineEdit Class QLinearGradient Class QListWidget Class QListWidgetItem Class QMainWindow Class QMediaObject Class QMediaPlayer Class QMediaPlaylist Class QMenu Class QMenuBar Class QMessageBox Class QNetworkAccessManager Class QNetworkProxy Class QNetworkReply Class QNetworkRequest Class QObject Class QPainter Class QPainterPath Class QPen Class QPicture Class QPixmap Class QPlainTextEdit Class QPoint Class QPointF Class QPrinter Class QProgressBar Class QPushButton Class QRadioButton Class QRect Class QRegularExpression Class QRegularExpressionMatch Class QRegularExpressionMatchIterator Class QSize Class QSlider Class QSpinBox Class QSplashScreen Class QSqlDatabase Class QSqlDriver Class QSqlDriverCreatorBase Class QSqlError Class QSqlField Class QSqlIndex Class QSqlQuery Class QSqlRecord Class QStatusBar Class QStringList Class QSystemTrayIcon Class QTabWidget Class QTableView Class QTableWidget Class QTableWidgetItem Class QTcpServer Class QTcpSocket Class QTest Class QTextBlock Class QTextCharFormat Class QTextCodec Class QTextCursor Class QTextDocument Class QTextEdit Class QThread Class QThreadPool Class QTime Class QTimer Class QToolBar Class QTreeView Class QTreeWidget Class QTreeWidgetItem Class QUrl Class QVBoxLayout Class QVariant Class QVideoWidget Class QVideoWidgetControl Class QWebView Class QWidget Class QXmlStreamAttribute Class QXmlStreamAttributes Class QXmlStreamEntityDeclaration Class QXmlStreamEntityResolver Class QXmlStreamNamespaceDeclaration Class QXmlStreamNotationDeclaration Class QXmlStreamReader Class QXmlStreamWriter Class RingCodeHighlighter Class RingSQLite What is new in Ring 1.1? Run the program Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Runtime Errors Reference

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Samples How to contribute? Samples in this book Applications developed in little hours Save and Restore Images ODBC Functions Save Image Inside the Database MySQL Functions Scaling and Rotating Images Graphics and Game Programming Scope Rules Accessing the class attributes from braces inside class methods Conflict between Class Attributes and Local Variables Conflict between Global Variables and Class Attributes Conflict between self inside braces and self in the class region Creating a Class for each Window in GUI applications Defining Variables and Variables Access How Ring find the Variable? Introduction Summary of Scope Rules The Self Object Three Scopes Using Braces to access objects inside Class Methods Using Object.Attribute Using braces to escape from the current object scope Scope Rules for Functions and Methods Calling a function sharing the name with a method in the current class Example about Sharing Names between Functions and Methods How Ring find a functions and methods? Introduction ScriptFunctions Class Web Development (CGI Library) Search Lists Search of global names while defining the class attributes Frequently Asked Questions Security and Internet Functions Decrypt() Download() Encrypt() Example File Hash Introduction MD5() RandBytes() SHA1() SHA224() SHA256() SHA384() SHA512() SendEmail() Security Class Stdlib Classes Send Parameters Functions SendEmail() Security and Internet Functions Set List Item Lists setattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming Setter and Getter Object Oriented Programming SHA1() Security and Internet Functions SHA224() Security and Internet Functions SHA256() Security and Internet Functions SHA384() Security and Internet Functions SHA512() Security and Internet Functions Shared Libraries Extension Short-circuit evaluation Control Structures - First Style sign() Stdlib Functions Simple Language Design Simple Client and Server Example Desktop and Mobile Development Sin() Implementation Extension Single: Desktop and Mobile Development Introduction sleep() Stdlib Functions Smart Garbage Collector Language Design Sort() Lists Sort() and List of Objects Object Oriented Programming Sound Class Game Engine for 2D Games Source Code File Sections Program Structure space() Low Level Functions Special thanks to contributors How to contribute? split() Stdlib Functions Sprite Automatic Movement Game Engine for 2D Games

Sprite Class Game Engine for 2D Games Sprite Keypress Event Game Engine for 2D Games Sprite Mouse Event Game Engine for 2D Games Sprite State Event Game Engine for 2D Games SQLite Introduction sqlite_close() sqlite_execute() sqlite_init() sqlite_open() SQLite Class Stdlib Classes sqlite_close() SQLite sqlite_execute() SQLite sqlite_init() SQLite sqlite_open() SQLite Squares Puzzle Game Applications developed in little hours Stack Class Stdlib Classes Stars Fighter Game Game Engine for 2D Games startswith() Stdlib Functions StdBase Class Stdlib Classes Stdlib Classes Conversion Class DataType Class DateTime Class Debug Class File Class HashTable Class Internet Class Introduction List Class Math Class MySQL Class ODBC Class Queue Class SQLite Class Security Class Stack Class StdBase Class String Class System Class Tree Class Stdlib Functions Introduction apppath() binarydigits() capitalized() changestring() dayofweek() direxists() endswith() evenorodd() factorial() factors() fibonacci() file2list() filter() gcd() getnumber() getstring() isleapyear() ismainsourcefile() isprime() isspecial() isvowel() lcm() linecount() list2file() makedir() map() matrixmulti() matrixtrans() newlist() palindrome() permutation() print() prodlist() puts() readline() sign() sleep() split() startswith() substring() sumlist() times() value() StdLib functions and classes written in Ring What is new in Ring 1.1? Step Option Control Structures - First Style Str2Hex() Data Type str2list() and list2str() Strings strcmp() Strings String Class Stdlib Classes String Literals Strings String() Data Type Strings Access String Letters Convert Letters Case Copy() Find SubString Get Number of Characters from position Get String Length Get Substring from position to end Introduction Left() Lines() Right() String Literals Substr() Transform Substring To Another Substring Trim() str2list() and list2str() strcmp() StyleFunctions Class Web Development (CGI Library) Substr() Strings substring() Stdlib Functions sumlist() Stdlib Functions Summary of Scope Rules Scope Rules Super Man 2016 Game Game Engine for 2D Games Switch Between Two Images RingLibSDL Switch Statement Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style Syntax Flexibility Change Language Keywords Change Language Operators Introduction Load Syntax Files Using "()" around the function parameters Using $ and @ in the start of the variable name Using 'case' as 'on' in switch statements Using 'def' as 'func' in functions/methods definition Using 'put' and 'get' as 'see' and 'give' Using Semi-colon after and between statements Using braces to start and end different control structures Using the 'else' keyword as 'other' in switch statement Using the 'elseif' keyword as 'but' in if statement Using the 'end' keyword in different control structures What is new in Ring 1.1? SysGet() Function System Functions System Class Stdlib Classes System Functions ChDir() Function CurrentDir() Function Example ExeFileName() Function ExeFolder() Function Get Active Source File Name Get Command Line Arguments Introduction IsAndroid() Function IsFreeBSD() Function IsLinux() Function IsMSDOS() Function IsMacOSX() Function IsUnix() Function IsWindows() Function IsWindows64() Function SysGet() Function System() Function Windowsnl() Function System() Function System Functions

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Tempfile() Files Templates Web Development (CGI Library) Tempname() Files Testing How to contribute? Text Class Game Engine for 2D Games The Cards Game Demo Programs Desktop and Mobile Development The Difference between Qt and RingQt Desktop and Mobile Development The documentation says functional programming is supported, but then this happens? Frequently Asked Questions The First GUI Application Desktop and Mobile Development The Self Object Scope Rules Threads Graphics and Game Programming Threads Support Code Generator Three Scopes Scope Rules TicTacToe Game Applications developed in little hours

Time() Date and Time TimeList() Date and Time times() Stdlib Functions Transaction Example MySQL Functions Transactions and Using Commit and Rollback ODBC Functions Transform Substring To Another Substring Strings Transparent Image Graphics and Game Programming Transparent Implementation Language Design Tree Class Stdlib Classes Trim() Strings TrueType Fonts Graphics and Game Programming Try/Carch/Done Eval() and Debugging Trying to be natural Language Design Type() Data Type

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Ungetc() Files Unsigned() Mathematical Functions Update the Android SDK Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Upload Files Web Development (CGI Library) URL Encode Web Development (CGI Library) Use TTF Fonts RingLibSDL Users registration and Login Web Development (CGI Library) Using "()" around the function parameters Syntax Flexibility Using $ and @ in the start of the variable name Syntax Flexibility Using 'case' as 'on' in switch statements Syntax Flexibility Using 'def' as 'func' in functions/methods definition Syntax Flexibility Using 'put' and 'get' as 'see' and 'give' Syntax Flexibility Using Atom Using Other Code Editors Using Bootstrap Library using Functions Web Development (CGI Library) Using Bootstrap Library using Objects Web Development (CGI Library) Using Braces to access objects inside Class Methods Scope Rules Using braces to escape from the current object scope Scope Rules Using braces to start and end different control structures Syntax Flexibility Using C/C++ Compiler and Linker Distributing Ring Application Using configuration file that wrap C++ library Code Generator Using Eval() with our Natural Code Natural Language Programming Using Geany Using Other Code Editors Using Layout Desktop and Mobile Development Using Lists during definition Lists Using Many Source Code Files Program Structure Using Notepad++ Using Other Code Editors Using Object.Attribute Scope Rules Using Other Code Editors Introduction Using Atom Using Geany Using Notepad++ Using Sublime Text 2 Using Visual Studio IDE Using QCheckBox Desktop and Mobile Development Using QComboBox Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using QDateEdit Desktop and Mobile Development

Using QDesktopWidget Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using QDial Desktop and Mobile Development Using QDockWidget Desktop and Mobile Development Using QFrame Desktop and Mobile Development Using QInputDialog Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using qLCDNumber Desktop and Mobile Development Using QProgressBar Desktop and Mobile Development Using QProgressBar and Timer Desktop and Mobile Development Using QRadioButton and QButtonGroup Desktop and Mobile Development Using QSlider Desktop and Mobile Development Using QSpinBox Desktop and Mobile Development Using QTableWidget Desktop and Mobile Development Using QTabWidget Desktop and Mobile Development Using QTreeView and QFileSystemModel Desktop and Mobile Development Using QTreeWidget and QTreeWidgetItem Desktop and Mobile Development Using QWebView Desktop and Mobile Development Using Self.Attribute Object Oriented Programming Using Self.Attribute in the Class Region to define new attributes What is new in Ring 1.1? Using Semi-colon after and between statements Syntax Flexibility Using Sublime Text 2 Using Other Code Editors Using the 'else' keyword as 'other' in switch statement Syntax Flexibility Using the 'elseif' keyword as 'but' in if statement Syntax Flexibility Using the 'end' keyword in different control structures Syntax Flexibility Using the QColorDialog Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QFileDialog Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QListWidget Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QTextEdit Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QTimer Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the tool Code Generator Using This.Attribute in nested Braces inside the Class Methods What is new in Ring 1.1? Using Visual Studio IDE Using Other Code Editors

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value() Stdlib Functions Variables Deep Copy Dynamic Typing Introduction Weakly Typed Variables Scope Functions

varptr() Low Level Functions Virtual Machine Instructions Reference Visual Implementation Language Design

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Weakly Typed Variables Web Development (CGI Library) Application Class CRUD Example using MVC Configure the Apache web server Cookies Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes Generating Pages using Objects Gradient HTML Lists HTML Special Characters HTML Tables HTTP Get Example HTTP POST Example Hash Functions Hello World Program using the Web Library Introduction Page Class Random Image Ring CGI Hello World Program ScriptFunctions Class StyleFunctions Class Templates URL Encode Upload Files Users registration and Login Using Bootstrap Library using Functions Using Bootstrap Library using Objects Web Library Features WebLib API Web Library Features Web Development (CGI Library) WebLib API Web Development (CGI Library) Weight History Application Desktop and Mobile Development Werdy Application Applications developed in little hours What about predefined parameters or optional parameters in functions? Frequently Asked Questions What about the Boolean values in Ring? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over C# or Java? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over Lisp or Smalltalk? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over native C or C++? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over Python and Ruby? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over Tcl and Lua? Frequently Asked Questions What happens when we create a new object? Frequently Asked Questions What is new in Ring 1.1? Better Code Generator for Extensions Better Documentation Better Natural Language Programming Support Game Engine for 2D Games Generate/Execute Ring Object Files (*.ringo) Introduction List of changes and new features New Functions and Changes RingLibSDL RingSQLite StdLib functions and classes written in Ring Syntax Flexibility Using Self.Attribute in the Class Region to define new attributes Using This.Attribute in nested Braces inside the Class Methods What is the difference between Ring and Python? And is Ring Open Source? Frequently Asked Questions Where can I write a program and execute it? Frequently Asked Questions While Loop Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Third Style

Why do we need Yet Another Programming Language (YAPL)? Frequently Asked Questions Why I get a strange result when printing nl with lists? Frequently Asked Questions Why I get Calling Function without definition Error? Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring is largely focussed on UI creation? Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring is weakly typed? Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring uses 'See', 'Give', 'But' and 'Ok' Keywords? Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring? Language Design Why setClickEvent() doesn't see the object methods directly? Frequently Asked Questions Why the ability to define your own languages Instead of just handing over the syntax so you can parse it using whatever code you like? Frequently Asked Questions Why the window title bar is going outside the screen? Frequently Asked Questions Why this example use the GetChar() twice? Frequently Asked Questions Why we don't use () after the qApp class name? Frequently Asked Questions Why you can specify the number of loops you want to break out of? Frequently Asked Questions Windowsnl() Function System Functions Wrap structures Code Generator Wrapping C++ Classes Code Generator Write file using Write() Files Writing Comments Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style