Check Data Type and Conversion¶

In this chapter we are going to learn about the functions that can be used for

Checking Data Type
Checking Character
Conversion

Check Data Type¶

The next functions can be used to check the data type

isstring()
isnumber()
islist()
type()
isnull()

IsString() Function¶

Using the IsString() function we can know if the value is a string or not

Syntax:

IsString(value) ---> 1 if the value is a string or 0 if not

Example:

see isstring(5) + nl +          # print 0
    isstring("hello") + nl      # print 1

IsNumber() Function¶

Using the IsNumber() function we can know if the value is a number or not

Syntax:

IsNumber(value) ---> 1 if the value is a number or 0 if not

Example:

see isnumber(5) + nl +          # print 1
    isnumber("hello") + nl      # print 0

IsList() Function¶

Using the IsList() function we can know if the value is a list or not

Syntax:

IsList(value) ---> 1 if the value is a list or 0 if not

Example:

see islist(5) + nl +            # print 0
    islist("hello") + nl +      # print 0
    islist([1,3,5])             # print 1

Type() Function¶

We can know the type of a value using the Type() Function.

Syntax:

Type(value) ---> The Type as String

Example:

see Type(5) + nl +          # print NUMBER
Type("hello") + nl +        # print STRING
Type([1,3,5])               # print LIST

IsNULL() Function¶

We can check the value to know if it’s null or not using the IsNULL() function

Syntax:

IsNULL(value) ---> 1 if the value is NULL or 0 if not

Example:

see isnull(5) + nl +        # print 0
isnull("hello") + nl +      # print 0
isnull([1,3,5]) + nl +      # print 0
isnull("") + nl +           # print 1
isnull("NULL")              # print 1

Check Character¶

The next functions can be used to check character

isalnum()
isalpha()
iscntrl()
isdigit()
isgraph()
islower()
isprint()
ispunct()
isspace()
isupper()
isxdigit()

IsAlNum() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsAlNum() Function

Syntax:

IsAlNum(value) ---> 1 if the value is digit/letter or 0 if not

Example:

see isalnum("Hello") + nl +     # print 1
    isalnum("123456") + nl +    # print 1
    isalnum("ABCabc123") + nl + # print 1
    isalnum("How are you")      # print 0 because of spaces

IsAlpha() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsAlpha() Function

Syntax:

IsAlpha(value) ---> 1 if the value is a letter or 0 if not

Example:

see isalpha("Hello") + nl +     # print 1
    isalpha("123456") + nl +    # print 0
    isalpha("ABCabc123") + nl + # print 0
    isalpha("How are you")      # print 0

IsCntrl() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsCntrl() Function

Syntax:

IsCntrl(value) ---> 1 if the value is a control character (no printing position)
                    or 0 if not

Example:

See iscntrl("hello") + nl +     # print 0
    iscntrl(nl)                 # print 1

IsDigit() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsDigit() Function

Syntax:

IsDigit(value) ---> 1 if the value is a digit or 0 if not

Example:

see isdigit("0123456789") + nl +        # print 1
    isdigit("0123a")                    # print 0

IsGraph() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsGraph() Function

Syntax:

IsGraph(value) ---> 1 if the value can be printed (Except space) or 0 if not

Example:

see isgraph("abcdef") + nl +    # print 1
    isgraph("abc def")          # print 0

IsLower() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsLower() Function

Syntax:

IsLower(value) ---> 1 if the value is lowercase letter or 0 if not

Example:

see islower("abcDEF") + nl +    # print 0
    islower("ghi")              # print 1

IsPrint() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsPrint() Function

Syntax:

IsPrint(value) ---> 1 if the value occupies a printing position or 0 if not

Example:

see isprint("Hello") + nl +             # print 1
    isprint("Nice to see you") + nl +   # print 1
    isprint(nl)                         # print 0

IsPunct() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsPunct() Function

Syntax:

IsPunct(value) ---> 1 if the value is a punctuation character or 0 if not

Example:

see ispunct("hello") + nl +     # print 0
    ispunct(",")                # print 1

IsSpace() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsSpace() Function

Syntax:

IsSpace(value) ---> 1 if the value is a white-space or 0 if not

Example:

see isspace("   ") + nl +       # print 1
    isspace("test")             # print 0

IsUpper() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsUpper() Function

Syntax:

IsUpper(value) ---> 1 if the value is an uppercase alphabetic letter or 0 if not

Example:

see isupper("welcome") + nl +    # print 0
    isupper("WELCOME")           # print 1

IsXdigit() Function¶

We can test a character or a string using the IsXdigit() Function

Syntax:

IsXdigit(value) ---> 1 if the value is a hexdecimal digit character or 0 if not

Example:

see isxdigit("0123456789abcdef") + nl +  # print 1
    isxdigit("123z")                     # print 0

Conversion¶

The next functions can be used for conversion

number()
string()
ascii()
char()
hex()
dec()
str2hex()
hex2str()

Number() Function¶

We can convert strings to numbers using the Number() function or the + operator.

Syntax:

Number(string) ---> Number
0 + string ---> Number

Example:

see number("5") + 5 + nl        # print 10
see 0 + "10" + 2                # print 12

String() Function¶

We can convert numbers to strings using the String() function or the + operator.

Syntax:

String(number) ---> String
"" + number ---> String

Example:

see string(5) + 5 + nl          # print 55
see "" + 10 + 2                 # print 102

Ascii() Function¶

We can get the ASCII code for a letter using the Ascii() function

Syntax:

Ascii(character) ---> ASCII Code

Example:

See ascii("m") + nl +   # print 109
    ascii("M")          # print 77

Char() Function¶

We can convert the ASCII code to character using the Char() function.

Syntax:

Char(ASCII Code) ---> character

Example:

See char(109) + nl +    # print m
    char(77)            # print M

Hex() Function¶

We can convert decimal to hexadecimal using the Hex() function.

Syntax:

Hex(decimal) ---> hexadecimal

Example:

See hex(10) + nl +      # print a
    hex(200)            # print c8

Dec() Function¶

We can convert hexadecimal to decimal using the Dec() function

Syntax:

Dec(hexadecimal) ---> decimal

Example:

See dec("a") + nl +     # print 10
    dec("c8")           # print 200

Str2hex() Function¶

We can convert string characters to hexadecimal characters using the Str2hex() function.

Syntax:

Str2hex(string) ---> hexadecimal string

Example:

See str2hex("hello")    # print 68656c6c6f

Hex2str() Function¶

We can convert hexadecimal characters to string using the Hex2str() function

Syntax:

Hex2Str(Hexadecimal string) ---> string

Example:

See hex2str("68656c6c6f")       # print hello