Index

Symbols

3D Cube and Texture Using RingOpenGL and RingAllegro for 3D Graphics

A

Access List Items by String Index Lists Access Objects Using Braces Object Oriented Programming Access String Letters Strings Accessing the class attributes from braces inside class methods Scope Rules Add Items Lists addattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming AddDays() Date and Time Adding code to the generated code Code Generator Adding Hyperlink to QLabel Desktop and Mobile Development addmethod() Reflection and Meta-programming Analog Clock Applications developed in little hours Animate Class Game Engine for 2D Games Animate Events Game Engine for 2D Games

Animation Game Engine for 2D Games Animation and Functions Game Engine for 2D Games Anonymous and Nested Functions Functional Programming Application Class Web Development (CGI Library) Applications How to contribute? Applications developed in little hours Analog Clock Calculator Application FetchStockData Application Fifteen Puzzle Game 2 Google API Shortener Application Innovative Introduction Practical Quotes about Ring Samples in this book Squares Puzzle Game TicTacToe Game Video-Music-Player Application Werdy Application Windows StartUp Manager Application apppath() Stdlib Functions Arithmetic Operators Operators Ascii() Data Type Assert() Eval() and Debugging Assignment Operators Operators attributes() Reflection and Meta-programming

B

Better Call Command What is new in Ring 1.2? Better Code Generator for Extensions What is new in Ring 1.1? What is new in Ring 1.5? Better Documentation What is new in Ring 1.1? Better Documentation Generator for Extensions What is new in Ring 1.5? Better Functions What is new in Ring 1.2? Better Loop|Exit Command What is new in Ring 1.3? Better Natural Language Programming Support What is new in Ring 1.1? Better Objects Library What is new in Ring 1.5? Better Quality What is new in Ring 1.2? What is new in Ring 1.5? Better Ring For Android What is new in Ring 1.6? Better Ring Notepad What is new in Ring 1.2? What is new in Ring 1.3? What is new in Ring 1.5? What is new in Ring 1.6? Better RingQt What is new in Ring 1.2? What is new in Ring 1.3? What is new in Ring 1.4? What is new in Ring 1.5? What is new in Ring 1.6? Better RingREPL What is new in Ring 1.6? Better RingVM What is new in Ring 1.6? Better Scripts for building Ring What is new in Ring 1.6? Better StdLib What is new in Ring 1.3? What is new in Ring 1.4? What is new in Ring 1.5? What is new in Ring 1.6? Better WebLib What is new in Ring 1.4? What is new in Ring 1.5? binarydigits() Stdlib Functions Bitwise Operators Operators

BraceError() Method Natural Language Programming BraceExprEval Method Natural Language Programming BraceStart and BraceEnd Methods Natural Language Programming Branching Control Structures Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style BreakPoint The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger Building From Source Code Building using CMake Building using Fedora Linux Building using MacOS X Building using Microsoft Windows Building using Ubuntu Linux Introduction Building Games For Android Building the project Download Requirements and Update the Android SDK Introduction Project Folder Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Comments about developing for Android using RingQt Download Requirements Install Qt for Android Introduction Update the Android SDK Using Ring2EXE Building standalone console application Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Building the Cards Game for Mobile using RingQt Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Building the Form Designer for Mobile using RingQt Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Building the project Building Games For Android Building the Weight History Application for Mobile using RingQt Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Building using CMake Building From Source Code Building using Fedora Linux Building From Source Code Building using MacOS X Building From Source Code Building using Microsoft Windows Building From Source Code Building using Ubuntu Linux Building From Source Code

C

Calculator Application Applications developed in little hours What is new in Ring 1.5? Call Functions Functions - First Style Functions - Second Style Functions - Third Style callgc() Low Level Functions Calling a function sharing the name with a method in the current class Scope Rules for Functions and Methods Can I connect to dbase/harbour database? Frequently Asked Questions Can Ring work on Windows XP? Frequently Asked Questions capitalized() Stdlib Functions cfunctions() Reflection and Meta-programming CGI Support Command Line Options Change Focus Desktop and Mobile Development Change Language Keywords Syntax Flexibility Change Language Operators Syntax Flexibility Change the '=' operator to 'is' Natural Language Programming Change the Ring Keyword 'And' Natural Language Programming Change the Ring Operator '+' Natural Language Programming Change: Basic Extensions are separated from RingVM What is new in Ring 1.4? changestring() Stdlib Functions Char() Data Type ChDir() Function System Functions Check Character Data Type Check Data Type Data Type Check Parameters Count Extension Check Parameters Type Extension Classes and Objects Object Oriented Programming Classes and their Methods to use the default events Desktop and Mobile Development classes() Reflection and Meta-programming classname() Reflection and Meta-programming Clean Natural Code Natural Language Programming Clearerr() Files clock() Date and Time Close Window Event RingLibSDL ClosPerSecond() Date and Time Code Generator Adding code to the generated code Comments in configuration file Configuration Files Examples Configuration file Configuration file for the Allegro library Constants Type Defining Constants Determine Structure Members Types Enum and Numbers Executing code during code generation Filtering using Expressions Introduction Prefix for Functions Names Qt configuration file Register New Functions Threads Support Using configuration file that wrap C++ library Using the tool Wrap structures Wrapping C++ Classes function prototype CodeEditor Class RingQt Classes Reference Command Line Options CGI Support Generate Object File Introduction No Run Performance Printing Final Intermediate Code Printing Instruction Operation Code Printing Intermediate Code Printing Rules Printing Tokens Comments about developing for Android using RingQt Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Comments about evaluation Control Structures - First Style Comments in configuration file Code Generator Compact Syntax Language Design Compiler and Virtual Machine (VM) How to contribute? Compiler Errors Reference

Composition Object Oriented Programming Configuration file Code Generator Configuration file for the Allegro library Code Generator Configuration Files Examples Code Generator Configure the Apache web server Web Development (CGI Library) Conflict between Class Attributes and Local Variables Scope Rules Conflict between Global Variables and Class Attributes Frequently Asked Questions Scope Rules Conflict between self inside braces and self in the class region Scope Rules Constants Type Code Generator Constructor methods in Ring Frequently Asked Questions Contact the Autor Resources Context Menu Desktop and Mobile Development Control Structures Branching Looping Control Structures - First Style Comments about evaluation Do Again Loop Exit Exit from two loops Exit/Loop inside sub functions For In Loop For Loop Introduction Loop Command Looping Short-circuit evaluation Step Option Switch Statement While Loop for in to modify lists Control Structures - Second Style Branching Exceptions For In Loop For Loop If Statement Introduction Looping Switch Statement Control Structures - Third Style Branching Exceptions For In Loop For Loop If Statement Introduction Switch Statement While Loop Conversion Data Type Conversion Class Stdlib Classes Convert between Numbers and Bytes What is new in Ring 1.4? Convert Letters Case Strings Cookies Web Development (CGI Library) Copy Lists Lists Copy() Strings Could you explain the output of the StrCmp() function? Frequently Asked Questions Create Database MySQL Functions Create Executable File Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Create Lists Lists Create Table and Insert Data MySQL Functions Create Window RingLibSDL Create Zip File RingZip Creating a Class for each Window in GUI applications Scope Rules Creating Menubar Desktop and Mobile Development Creating more than one window Desktop and Mobile Development Creating Reports using the WebLib and the GUILib Desktop and Mobile Development Creating StatusBar Desktop and Mobile Development Creating the Game Window Game Engine for 2D Games Creating the Qt resource file using Folder2qrc Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Creating Toolbar Desktop and Mobile Development Creating Windows Installer Distributing Ring Application CRUD Example using MVC Web Development (CGI Library) CurrentDir() Function System Functions

D

Data Type Ascii() Char() Check Character Check Data Type Conversion Dec() Hex() Hex2str() Introduction IsAlNum() IsAlpha() IsCntrl() IsDigit() IsGraph() IsList() IsLower() IsNULL() IsNumber() IsPrint() IsPunct() IsSpace() IsString() IsUpper() IsXdigit() Number() Str2Hex() String() Type() Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes Web Development (CGI Library) DataType Class Stdlib Classes Date and Time AddDays() ClosPerSecond() Date() DiffDays() EpochTime() Introduction Time() TimeList() clock() Date() Date and Time DateTime Class Stdlib Classes dayofweek() Stdlib Functions Debug Class Stdlib Classes Dec() Data Type Decimals() Mathematical Functions Declarative Programming Declarative programming on the top of Object-Oriented Introduction More Beatiful Code Objects inside lists Return object by reference executing code after the end of object access Declarative programming on the top of Object-Oriented Declarative Programming Declare parameters Functions - First Style Functions - Second Style Functions - Third Style Decrypt() Security and Internet Functions Deep Copy Variables Define Declarative Languages Language Design Define Functions Functions - First Style Functions - Second Style Functions - Third Style Define Natural Statements Language Design Defining Commands Using the Natural Library Defining commands using classes Using the Natural Library Defining Constants Code Generator Defining Variables and Variables Access Scope Rules Delete Item From List Lists Demo Programs Introduction Language Shell Main Menu The Cards Game Designed for a clear goal Language Design Desktop and Mobile Development Adding Hyperlink to QLabel Change Focus Classes and their Methods to use the default events Context Menu Creating Menubar Creating Reports using the WebLib and the GUILib Creating StatusBar Creating Toolbar Creating more than one window Dialog Functions Display Image using QLabel Display Scaled Image using QLabel Drawing using QPainter Dynamic Objects Inheritance from GUI Classes KeyPress and Mouse Move Events Menubar and StyleSheet Example Methods to use Events with Events Filter Movable Label Example Moving Objects using the Mouse New Classes names - Index Start from 1 Notepad Application Other Widgets Events Playing Sound Printing using QPrinter QLineEdit Events and QMessageBox QMessagebox Example QVideoWidget and QMediaPlayer Regular Expressions RingQt Classes and their Qt Documentation Rotate Text Simple Client and Server Example The Cards Game The Difference between Qt and RingQt The First GUI Application Using Layout Using QCheckBox Using QComboBox Class Using QDateEdit Using QDesktopWidget Class Using QDial Using QDockWidget Using QFrame Using QInputDialog Class Using QProgressBar Using QProgressBar and Timer Using QRadioButton and QButtonGroup Using QSlider Using QSpinBox Using QTabWidget Using QTableWidget Using QTreeView and QFileSystemModel Using QTreeWidget and QTreeWidgetItem Using QWebView Using qLCDNumber Using the QColorDialog Class Using the QFileDialog Class Using the QListWidget Class Using the QTextEdit Class Using the QTimer Class Weight History Application Determine Structure Members Types Code Generator Dialog Functions Desktop and Mobile Development DiffDays() Date and Time

Dir() Files direxists() Stdlib Functions Disable BreakPoints The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger Display Error Message Extension Display Image RingLibSDL Display Image using QLabel Desktop and Mobile Development Display PNG Images RingLibSDL Display Scaled Image using QLabel Desktop and Mobile Development Display Transparent Images RingLibSDL Display Warnings Option What is new in Ring 1.2? Distributing Applications and Games for Mobile Distributing Ring Application Distributing Applications for Microsoft Windows Distributing Ring Application Distributing Applications for Mobile using RingQt Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Distributing Ring Application Creating Windows Installer Distributing Applications and Games for Mobile Distributing Applications for Microsoft Windows Introduction Protecting the Source Code Using C/C++ Compiler and Linker Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Building standalone console application Building the Cards Game for Mobile using RingQt Building the Form Designer for Mobile using RingQt Building the Weight History Application for Mobile using RingQt Creating the Qt resource file using Folder2qrc Distributing Applications for Mobile using RingQt Distributing RingAllegro Applications, [1] Example How Ring2EXE works? Important Information about Ring2EXE Introduction Options Using Ring2EXE Distributing RingAllegro Applications Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE, [1] Do Again Loop Control Structures - First Style Documentation How to contribute? Download Requirements Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Download Requirements and Update the Android SDK Building Games For Android Download() Security and Internet Functions Draw Rectangle RingLibSDL Drawing Text Game Engine for 2D Games Drawing using QPainter Desktop and Mobile Development Drawing using RingOpenGL Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Drawing, Animation and Input Graphics and Game Programming Dynamic Attributes Object Oriented Programming Dynamic Objects Desktop and Mobile Development Dynamic Typing Variables

E

Editors Support How to contribute? Embedding Ring in Ring Embedding Ring in Ring Embedding Ring in Ring without sharing the State Serial Execution of Programs ring_state_setvar() Embedding Ring in Ring without sharing the State Embedding Ring in Ring What is new in Ring 1.3? Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs Introduction Ring State Ring State Functions Ring State Variables Employee Application What is new in Ring 1.6? Encourage Organization Language Design Encrypt() Security and Internet Functions endswith() Stdlib Functions Entering Items Form Designer Enum and Numbers Code Generator Environment Errors Reference EpochTime() Date and Time Stdlib Functions Equality of functions Functional Programming Eval() Eval() and Debugging Eval() and Debugging Assert() Eval() Introduction Raise() Try/Carch/Done evenorodd() Stdlib Functions Events Code Form Designer

Example Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Files Mathematical Functions Natural Language Programming Objects Library for RingQt Application RingMurmurHash Functions Reference Security and Internet Functions System Functions The Type Hints Library Example - The Trace Library Low Level Functions Example - Using the Trace Functions Low Level Functions Example about Sharing Names between Functions and Methods Scope Rules for Functions and Methods Exceptions Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style Execute Program Line by Line The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger Execute Query and Print Result ODBC Functions executing code after the end of object access Declarative Programming Executing code during code generation Code Generator ExeFileName() Function System Functions ExeFolder() Function System Functions Exit Control Structures - First Style Exit from two loops Control Structures - First Style Exit/Loop inside sub functions Control Structures - First Style Extension Check Parameters Count Check Parameters Type Display Error Message Fopen() and Fclose() Implementation Function Prototype Function Structure Get Parameters Values Introduction Module Organization MySQL_Columns() Implementation RING API - String Functions RING API - list Functions Return Value Shared Libraries Sin() Implementation ring_ext.c ring_ext.h Extensions in C/C++ How to contribute? Extract Zip File RingZip

F

Facebook Login RingLibCurl factorial() Stdlib Functions factors() Stdlib Functions Fclose() Files Features Introduction Feof() Files Ferror() Files FetchStockData Application Applications developed in little hours Fexists() Files Fflush() Files Fgetc() Files Fgetpos() Files Fgets() Files fibonacci() Stdlib Functions Fifteen Puzzle Game 2 Applications developed in little hours File Class Stdlib Classes File Hash Security and Internet Functions file2list() Stdlib Functions Files Clearerr() Dir() Example Fclose() Feof() Ferror() Fexists() Fflush() Fgetc() Fgetpos() Fgets() Fopen() Fputc() Fputs() Fread() Freopen() Fseek() Fsetpos() Ftell() Fwrite() Introduction Numbers and Bytes Perror() Read File using Read() Remove() Rename() Rewind() Tempfile() Tempname() Ungetc() Write file using Write() filter() Stdlib Functions Filtering using Expressions Code Generator Find SubString Strings Find() and List of Objects Object Oriented Programming First-Class Functions Functional Programming First-Class Lists Lists Flappy Bird 3000 Game Game Engine for 2D Games

Fopen() Files Fopen() and Fclose() Implementation Extension For In Loop Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style for in to modify lists Control Structures - First Style For Loop Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style Form Designer Entering Items Events Code Introduction Keyboard Shortcuts Menubar Designer More Samples and Tests Running Forms The Designer Windows, [1] The Properties Using Layouts What is new in Ring 1.3? Window Flags Fputc() Files Fputs() Files Frames Per Second Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Fread() Files Freopen() Files Frequently Asked Questions Can I connect to dbase/harbour database? Can Ring work on Windows XP? Conflict between Global Variables and Class Attributes Constructor methods in Ring Could you explain the output of the StrCmp() function? Getter and Setter Methods Goal of including the "Main" function in Ring How can I disable maximize button and resize window? How to Close a window then displaying another one? How to add Combobox and other elements to the cells of a QTableWidget? How to create a Modal Window? How to create an array of buttons in GUI applications? How to extend RingQt and add more classes? How to get the current source file path? How to get the file size using ftell() and fseek() functions? How to insert an item to the first position in the list? How to perform some manipulations on selected cells in QTableWidget? How to print keys or values only in List/Dictionary? How to print lists that contains objects? How to print new lines and other characters? How to use NULL and ISNULL() function? How to use SQLite using ODBC? How to use many source code files in the project? Introduction Is Ring some sort of improvement over PHP? List index start from 1 Philosophy behind data types in Ring Search of global names while defining the class attributes The documentation says functional programming is supported, but then this happens? What about predefined parameters or optional parameters in functions? What about the Boolean values in Ring? What are the advantages to using Ring over C# or Java? What are the advantages to using Ring over Lisp or Smalltalk? What are the advantages to using Ring over Python and Ruby? What are the advantages to using Ring over Tcl and Lua? What are the advantages to using Ring over native C or C++? What happens when we create a new object? What is the difference between Ring and Python? And is Ring Open Source? Where can I write a program and execute it? Which of 3 coding styles are commonly used or recommended by the community? Why I get Calling Function without definition Error? Why I get a strange result when printing nl with lists? Why Ring is largely focussed on UI creation? Why Ring is not case-sensitive Why Ring is weakly typed? Why Ring uses 'See', 'Give', 'But' and 'Ok' Keywords? Why do we need Yet Another Programming Language (YAPL)? Why setClickEvent() doesn't see the object methods directly? Why the Assignment operator uses Deep copy? Why the ability to define your own languages Instead of just handing over the syntax so you can parse it using whatever code you like? Why the window title bar is going outside the screen? Why this example use the GetChar() twice? Why we don't use () after the qApp class name? Why you can specify the number of loops you want to break out of? Fseek() Files Fsetpos() Files FSize() Stdlib Functions Ftell() Files Function Prototype Extension function prototype Code Generator Function Structure Extension Functional Programming Anonymous and Nested Functions Equality of functions First-Class Functions Higher-order Functions Introduction Pure Functions Functions - First Style Call Functions Declare parameters Define Functions Introduction Main Function Recursion Return Value Send Parameters Variables Scope Functions - Second Style Call Functions Declare parameters Define Functions Introduction Main Function Recursion Return Value Send Parameters Variables Scope Functions - Third Style Call Functions Declare parameters Define Functions Introduction Main Function Recursion Return Value Send Parameters Variables Scope functions() Reflection and Meta-programming Fwrite() Files

G

Game Class Game Engine for 2D Games Game Engine Classes Game Engine for 2D Games Game Engine for 2D Games Animate Class Animate Events Animation Animation and Functions Creating the Game Window Drawing Text Flappy Bird 3000 Game Game Class Game Engine Classes GameObject Class Games Layer Graphics Library Bindings Interface to graphics library Introduction Map Map Class Map Events Moving Text Object and Drawing Playing Sound Project Layers Sound Class Sprite Automatic Movement Sprite Class Sprite Keypress Event Sprite Mouse Event Sprite State Event Stars Fighter Game Super Man 2016 Game Text Class What is new in Ring 1.1? GameObject Class Game Engine for 2D Games Games Layer Game Engine for 2D Games gcd() Stdlib Functions Generate Object File Command Line Options Generate/Execute Ring Object Files (*.ringo) What is new in Ring 1.1? Generating Pages using Objects Web Development (CGI Library) Get Active Source File Name System Functions Get Command Line Arguments System Functions Get List Item Lists Get List Size Lists Get Number of Characters from position Strings Get Parameters Values Extension Get Request RingLibCurl Get Stock Data From Yahoo RingLibCurl Get String Length Strings

Get Substring from position to end Strings getattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming GetChar() Getting Input getnumber() Stdlib Functions getstring() Stdlib Functions Getter and Setter Methods Frequently Asked Questions Getting Input GetChar() Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Give Command Input() Introduction Getting Started - First Style Create Executable File Getting Input Hello World Introduction Multi-Line literals No Explicit End For Statements Not Case-Sensitive Run the program Using ? to print expression then new line Writing Comments Getting Started - Second Style Create Executable File Getting Input Hello World Introduction Multi-Line literals No Explicit End For Statements Not Case-Sensitive Run the program Writing Comments Getting Started - Third Style Create Executable File Getting Input Hello World Introduction Multi-Line literals No Explicit End For Statements Not Case-Sensitive Run the program Writing Comments Give Command Getting Input globals() Reflection and Meta-programming Goal of including the "Main" function in Ring Frequently Asked Questions Google API Shortener Application Applications developed in little hours Gradient Web Development (CGI Library) Graphics and Game Programming Drawing, Animation and Input Introduction Playing Sound Scaling and Rotating Images Threads Transparent Image TrueType Fonts Graphics Library Bindings Game Engine for 2D Games

H

Hash Functions Web Development (CGI Library) HashTable Class Stdlib Classes Hello World Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Hello World Program using the Web Library Web Development (CGI Library) Hex() Data Type Hex2str() Data Type Higher-order Functions Functional Programming History Introduction Natural Language Programming How can I disable maximize button and resize window? Frequently Asked Questions How Ring find a functions and methods? Scope Rules for Functions and Methods How Ring find the Variable? Scope Rules How Ring2EXE works? Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE How to add Combobox and other elements to the cells of a QTableWidget? Frequently Asked Questions How to Close a window then displaying another one? Frequently Asked Questions How to contribute? Applications Compiler and Virtual Machine (VM) Documentation Editors Support Extensions in C/C++ Ideas and suggestions Introduction Libraries in Ring Samples Special thanks to contributors Testing How to create a Modal Window? Frequently Asked Questions How to create an array of buttons in GUI applications? Frequently Asked Questions

How to extend RingQt and add more classes? Frequently Asked Questions How to get the current source file path? Frequently Asked Questions How to get the file size using ftell() and fseek() functions? Frequently Asked Questions How to insert an item to the first position in the list? Frequently Asked Questions How to perform some manipulations on selected cells in QTableWidget? Frequently Asked Questions How to print keys or values only in List/Dictionary? Frequently Asked Questions How to print lists that contains objects? Frequently Asked Questions How to print new lines and other characters? Frequently Asked Questions How to use many source code files in the project? Frequently Asked Questions How to use NULL and ISNULL() function? Frequently Asked Questions How to use SQLite using ODBC? Frequently Asked Questions HTML Lists Web Development (CGI Library) HTML Special Characters Web Development (CGI Library) HTML Tables Web Development (CGI Library) HtmlPage Class Web Development (CGI Library), [1] HTTP Get Example Web Development (CGI Library) HTTP POST Example Web Development (CGI Library)

I

Ideas and suggestions How to contribute? If Statement Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style Important Information about Ring2EXE Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Inheritance Object Oriented Programming Inheritance from GUI Classes Desktop and Mobile Development Innovative Applications developed in little hours Input() Getting Input Insert() Lists Install Qt for Android Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Interactive Debugger The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger Interface to graphics library Game Engine for 2D Games Internet Class Stdlib Classes Introduction Features History Introduction Motivation Ring and other languages Is Ring some sort of improvement over PHP? Frequently Asked Questions IsAlNum() Data Type IsAlpha() Data Type IsAndroid() Function System Functions isattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming iscfunction() Reflection and Meta-programming isclass() Reflection and Meta-programming IsCntrl() Data Type IsDigit() Data Type IsFreeBSD() Function System Functions isfunction() Reflection and Meta-programming isglobal() Reflection and Meta-programming IsGraph() Data Type isleapyear() Stdlib Functions

IsLinux() Function System Functions IsList() Data Type islocal() Reflection and Meta-programming IsLower() Data Type IsMacOSX() Function System Functions ismainsourcefile() Stdlib Functions ismethod() Reflection and Meta-programming IsMSDOS() Function System Functions IsNULL() Data Type IsNumber() Data Type isobject() Reflection and Meta-programming ispackage() Reflection and Meta-programming ispackagesclass() Reflection and Meta-programming isprime() Stdlib Functions IsPrint() Data Type isprivateattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming isprivatemethod() Reflection and Meta-programming IsPunct() Data Type IsSpace() Data Type isspecial() Stdlib Functions IsString() Data Type IsUnix() Function System Functions IsUpper() Data Type isvowel() Stdlib Functions IsWindows() Function System Functions IsWindows64() Function System Functions IsXdigit() Data Type

J

JustFileName() Stdlib Functions

JustFilePath() Stdlib Functions

K

Keyboard Events and Colors Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Keyboard Shortcuts Form Designer

KeyPress and Mouse Move Events Desktop and Mobile Development

L

Language Design Compact Syntax Define Declarative Languages Define Natural Statements Designed for a clear goal Encourage Organization Introduction Simple Smart Garbage Collector Transparent Implementation Trying to be natural Visual Implementation Why Ring? Language Functions Reference Language Grammar Reference Language Keywords Reference Language Shell Demo Programs lcm() Stdlib Functions Left() Strings Libraries in Ring How to contribute? Library Usage Objects Library for RingQt Application linecount() Stdlib Functions Lines() Strings List Class Stdlib Classes List index start from 1 Frequently Asked Questions

List of changes and new features What is new in Ring 1.1? What is new in Ring 1.2? What is new in Ring 1.3? What is new in Ring 1.4? What is new in Ring 1.5? What is new in Ring 1.6? list of functions Mathematical Functions list2file() Stdlib Functions ListAllFiles() Function Stdlib Functions Lists Access List Items by String Index Add Items Copy Lists Create Lists Delete Item From List First-Class Lists Get List Item Get List Size Insert() Introduction Nested Lists Passing Lists to Functions Passing Parameters Using List Reverse() Search Set List Item Sort() Swap Items Using Lists during definition Load Syntax Files Syntax Flexibility Loading the Trace library The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger locals() Reflection and Meta-programming Logical Operators Operators Loop Command Control Structures - First Style Looping Control Structures Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Second Style Low Level Functions Example - The Trace Library Example - Using the Trace Functions Introduction RingVM_CFunctionsList() RingVM_CallList() RingVM_ClassesList() RingVM_FilesList() RingVM_FunctionsList() RingVM_MemoryList() RingVM_PackagesList() callgc() nullpointer() object2pointer() pointer2object() ptrcmp() ringvm_callfunc() ringvm_evalinscope() ringvm_hideerrorMsg() ringvm_passerror() ringvm_scopescount() ringvm_settrace() ringvm_tracedata() ringvm_traceevent() ringvm_tracefunc() space() varptr()

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Main Function Functions - First Style Functions - Second Style Functions - Third Style Main Menu Demo Programs Make a Cube using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics makedir() Stdlib Functions Many Cubes Using RingOpenGL and RingAllegro for 3D Graphics Map Game Engine for 2D Games Map Class Game Engine for 2D Games Map Events Game Engine for 2D Games map() Stdlib Functions Math Class Stdlib Classes Mathematical Functions Decimals() Example Introduction Random() Unsigned() Using _ in numbers Using f after numbers list of functions matrixmulti() Stdlib Functions matrixtrans() Stdlib Functions MD5() Security and Internet Functions Menu Events Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Menubar and StyleSheet Example Desktop and Mobile Development Menubar Designer Form Designer mergemethods() Reflection and Meta-programming Methods to use Events with Events Filter Desktop and Mobile Development methods() Reflection and Meta-programming Misc Operators Operators Module Organization Extension More Beatiful Code Declarative Programming More Samples and Tests Form Designer More Syntax Flexibility What is new in Ring 1.5? Motivation Introduction

Mouse Events RingLibSDL Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Movable Label Example Desktop and Mobile Development Moving Objects using the Mouse Desktop and Mobile Development Moving Text Game Engine for 2D Games Multi-Line literals Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style MurmurHash1 functions RingMurmurHash Functions Reference MurmurHash2 functions RingMurmurHash Functions Reference MurmurHash3 functions RingMurmurHash Functions Reference MySQL Class Stdlib Classes MySQL Functions Create Database Create Table and Insert Data Introduction MySQL_AutoCommit() MySQL_Close() MySQL_Columns() MySQL_Commit() MySQL_Connect() MySQL_Error() MySQL_Escape_String() MySQL_Info() MySQL_Init() MySQL_Inser_ID() MySQL_Next_Result() MySQL_Query() MySQL_Result() MySQL_Result2() MySQL_Rollback() Print Query Result Restore Image From The Database Save Image Inside the Database Transaction Example MySQL_AutoCommit() MySQL Functions MySQL_Close() MySQL Functions MySQL_Columns() MySQL Functions MySQL_Columns() Implementation Extension MySQL_Commit() MySQL Functions MySQL_Connect() MySQL Functions MySQL_Error() MySQL Functions MySQL_Escape_String() MySQL Functions MySQL_Info() MySQL Functions MySQL_Init() MySQL Functions MySQL_Inser_ID() MySQL Functions MySQL_Next_Result() MySQL Functions MySQL_Query() MySQL Functions MySQL_Result() MySQL Functions MySQL_Result2() MySQL Functions MySQL_Rollback() MySQL Functions

N

Natural Language Programming BraceError() Method BraceExprEval Method BraceStart and BraceEnd Methods Change the '=' operator to 'is' Change the Ring Keyword 'And' Change the Ring Operator '+' Clean Natural Code Example History Introduction Real Natual Code Using Eval() with our Natural Code Natural Library - Demo Program Using the Natural Library Nested Lists Lists New Classes names - Index Start from 1 Desktop and Mobile Development New Functions What is new in Ring 1.2? What is new in Ring 1.3? New Functions and Changes What is new in Ring 1.1? New Style to Ring Notepad What is new in Ring 1.4? New Tool: Folder2qrc What is new in Ring 1.6? New Tool: Ring2EXE What is new in Ring 1.6?

newlist() Stdlib Functions No Explicit End For Statements Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style No Run Command Line Options Not Case-Sensitive Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Notepad Application Desktop and Mobile Development nullpointer() Low Level Functions Number() Data Type Numbers and Bytes Files

O

Object and Drawing Game Engine for 2D Games Object Library Source Code Objects Library for RingQt Application Object Oriented Programming Access Objects Using Braces Classes and Objects Composition Dynamic Attributes Find() and List of Objects Inheritance Introduction Operator Overloading Packages Printing Objects Private Attributes and Methods Setter and Getter Sort() and List of Objects Using Self.Attribute object2pointer() Low Level Functions objectid() Reflection and Meta-programming Objects inside lists Declarative Programming Objects Library for RingQt What is new in Ring 1.2? Objects Library for RingQt Application Example Introduction Library Usage Object Library Source Code Open_WindowAndLink() Function, [1] Open_WindowInPackages() Function ODBC Class Stdlib Classes ODBC Functions Execute Query and Print Result Introduction Open and Close Connection Print List of ODBC Data Sources Print List of ODBC Drivers Save and Restore Images Transactions and Using Commit and Rollback odbc_autocommit() odbc_close() odbc_colcount() odbc_columns() odbc_commit() odbc_connect() odbc_datasources() odbc_disconnect() odbc_drivers() odbc_execute() odbc_fetch() odbc_getdata() odbc_init() odbc_rollback() odbc_tables() odbc_autocommit() ODBC Functions odbc_close() ODBC Functions odbc_colcount() ODBC Functions odbc_columns() ODBC Functions odbc_commit() ODBC Functions odbc_connect() ODBC Functions odbc_datasources() ODBC Functions odbc_disconnect() ODBC Functions odbc_drivers() ODBC Functions odbc_execute() ODBC Functions

odbc_fetch() ODBC Functions odbc_getdata() ODBC Functions odbc_init() ODBC Functions odbc_rollback() ODBC Functions odbc_tables() ODBC Functions Open and Close Connection ODBC Functions Open_WindowAndLink() Function Objects Library for RingQt Application, [1] Open_WindowInPackages() Function Objects Library for RingQt Application Operator Overloading Object Oriented Programming Operators Arithmetic Operators Assignment Operators Bitwise Operators Introduction Logical Operators Misc Operators Operators Precedence Relational Operators Using the Natural Library Operators Precedence Operators Options Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE OSCopyFile() Function Stdlib Functions OSCopyFolder() Function Stdlib Functions OSCreateOpenFolder() Function Stdlib Functions OSDeleteFile() Function Stdlib Functions OSDeleteFolder() Function Stdlib Functions OSRenameFile() Function Stdlib Functions Other Widgets Events Desktop and Mobile Development

P

packagename() Reflection and Meta-programming Packages Object Oriented Programming packages() Reflection and Meta-programming packagesclasses() Reflection and Meta-programming Page Class Web Development (CGI Library) palindrome() Stdlib Functions Pass Error The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger Passing Lists to Functions Lists Passing Parameters Using List Lists Performance Command Line Options permutation() Stdlib Functions Perror() Files Philosophy behind data types in Ring Frequently Asked Questions Play Sound RingLibSDL Playing Sound Desktop and Mobile Development Game Engine for 2D Games Graphics and Game Programming pointer2object() Low Level Functions Post Request RingLibCurl Practical Applications developed in little hours Prefix for Functions Names Code Generator PrevFileName() Function System Functions Print files in Zip file RingZip

Print List of ODBC Data Sources ODBC Functions Print List of ODBC Drivers ODBC Functions Print Query Result MySQL Functions print() Stdlib Functions Print2Str() Function Stdlib Functions Printing Final Intermediate Code Command Line Options Printing Instruction Operation Code Command Line Options Printing Intermediate Code Command Line Options Printing Objects Object Oriented Programming Printing Rules Command Line Options Printing Tokens Command Line Options Printing using QPrinter Desktop and Mobile Development Private Attributes and Methods Object Oriented Programming prodlist() Stdlib Functions Program Structure Introduction Source Code File Sections Using Many Source Code Files Project Folder Building Games For Android Project Layers Game Engine for 2D Games Protecting the Source Code Distributing Ring Application ptrcmp() Low Level Functions Pure Functions Functional Programming puts() Stdlib Functions

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QAbstractButton Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractItemView Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractScrollArea Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractSlider Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractSocket Class RingQt Classes Reference QAbstractSpinBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QAction Class RingQt Classes Reference QAllEvents Class RingQt Classes Reference QApp Class RingQt Classes Reference QAxBase Class RingQt Classes Reference QAxObject Class RingQt Classes Reference QBitmap Class RingQt Classes Reference QBluetoothAddress Class RingQt Classes Reference QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent Class RingQt Classes Reference QBluetoothDeviceInfo Class RingQt Classes Reference QBluetoothHostInfo Class RingQt Classes Reference QBluetoothLocalDevice Class RingQt Classes Reference QBoxLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QBrush Class RingQt Classes Reference QBuffer Class RingQt Classes Reference QButtonGroup Class RingQt Classes Reference QByteArray Class RingQt Classes Reference QCamera Class RingQt Classes Reference QCameraImageCapture Class RingQt Classes Reference QCameraViewfinder Class RingQt Classes Reference QCheckBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QColor Class RingQt Classes Reference QColorDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QComboBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QCompleter Class RingQt Classes Reference QCompleter2 Class RingQt Classes Reference QCompleter3 Class RingQt Classes Reference QCoreApplication Class RingQt Classes Reference QCursor Class RingQt Classes Reference QDate Class RingQt Classes Reference QDateEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QDateTime Class RingQt Classes Reference QDateTimeEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QDesktopServices Class RingQt Classes Reference QDesktopWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QDial Class RingQt Classes Reference QDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QDir Class RingQt Classes Reference QDirModel Class RingQt Classes Reference QDockWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QEvent Class RingQt Classes Reference QFileDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QFileInfo Class RingQt Classes Reference QFileSystemModel Class RingQt Classes Reference QFont Class RingQt Classes Reference QFontDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QFontMetrics Class RingQt Classes Reference QFrame Class RingQt Classes Reference QFrame2 Class RingQt Classes Reference QFrame3 Class RingQt Classes Reference QGradient Class RingQt Classes Reference QGraphicsVideoItem Class RingQt Classes Reference QGridLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QGuiApplication Class RingQt Classes Reference QHBoxLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QHeaderView Class RingQt Classes Reference QHostAddress Class RingQt Classes Reference QHostInfo Class RingQt Classes Reference QIcon Class RingQt Classes Reference QImage Class RingQt Classes Reference QInputDialog Class RingQt Classes Reference QIODevice Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonArray Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonDocument Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonObject Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonParseError Class RingQt Classes Reference QJsonValue Class RingQt Classes Reference QKeySequence Class RingQt Classes Reference QLabel Class RingQt Classes Reference QLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QLCDNumber Class RingQt Classes Reference QLinearGradient Class RingQt Classes Reference QLineEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QLineEdit Events and QMessageBox Desktop and Mobile Development QListView Class RingQt Classes Reference QListWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QListWidgetItem Class RingQt Classes Reference QMainWindow Class RingQt Classes Reference QMdiArea Class RingQt Classes Reference QMdiSubWindow Class RingQt Classes Reference QMediaObject Class RingQt Classes Reference QMediaPlayer Class RingQt Classes Reference QMediaPlaylist Class RingQt Classes Reference QMenu Class RingQt Classes Reference QMenuBar Class RingQt Classes Reference QMessageBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QMessagebox Example Desktop and Mobile Development QMutex Class RingQt Classes Reference

QMutexLocker Class RingQt Classes Reference QNetworkAccessManager Class RingQt Classes Reference QNetworkProxy Class RingQt Classes Reference QNetworkReply Class RingQt Classes Reference QNetworkRequest Class RingQt Classes Reference QObject Class RingQt Classes Reference QPainter Class RingQt Classes Reference QPainter2 Class RingQt Classes Reference QPainterPath Class RingQt Classes Reference QPen Class RingQt Classes Reference QPicture Class RingQt Classes Reference QPixmap Class RingQt Classes Reference QPixmap2 Class RingQt Classes Reference QPlainTextEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QPoint Class RingQt Classes Reference QPointF Class RingQt Classes Reference QPrinter Class RingQt Classes Reference QProcess Class RingQt Classes Reference QProgressBar Class RingQt Classes Reference QPushButton Class RingQt Classes Reference QRadioButton Class RingQt Classes Reference QRect Class RingQt Classes Reference QRegion Class RingQt Classes Reference QRegularExpression Class RingQt Classes Reference QRegularExpressionMatch Class RingQt Classes Reference QRegularExpressionMatchIterator Class RingQt Classes Reference QScreen Class RingQt Classes Reference QScrollArea Class RingQt Classes Reference QSerialPort Class RingQt Classes Reference QSerialPortInfo Class RingQt Classes Reference QSize Class RingQt Classes Reference QSlider Class RingQt Classes Reference QSpinBox Class RingQt Classes Reference QSplashScreen Class RingQt Classes Reference QSplitter Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlDatabase Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlDriver Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlDriverCreatorBase Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlError Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlField Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlIndex Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlQuery Class RingQt Classes Reference QSqlRecord Class RingQt Classes Reference QStatusBar Class RingQt Classes Reference QString2 Class RingQt Classes Reference QStringList Class RingQt Classes Reference QStringRef Class RingQt Classes Reference QSystemTrayIcon Class RingQt Classes Reference Qt Class Convertor What is new in Ring 1.4? Qt configuration file Code Generator QTableView Class RingQt Classes Reference QTableWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QTableWidgetItem Class RingQt Classes Reference QTabWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QTcpServer Class RingQt Classes Reference QTcpSocket Class RingQt Classes Reference QTest Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextBlock Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextBrowser Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextCharFormat Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextCodec Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextCursor Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextDocument Class RingQt Classes Reference QTextEdit Class RingQt Classes Reference QThread Class RingQt Classes Reference QThreadPool Class RingQt Classes Reference QTime Class RingQt Classes Reference QTimer Class RingQt Classes Reference QToolBar Class RingQt Classes Reference QToolButton Class RingQt Classes Reference QTreeView Class RingQt Classes Reference QTreeWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QTreeWidgetItem Class RingQt Classes Reference Queue Class Stdlib Classes Quotes about Ring Applications developed in little hours QUrl Class RingQt Classes Reference QUuid Class RingQt Classes Reference QVariant Class RingQt Classes Reference QVBoxLayout Class RingQt Classes Reference QVideoWidget and QMediaPlayer Desktop and Mobile Development QVideoWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QVideoWidgetControl Class RingQt Classes Reference QWebView Class RingQt Classes Reference QWidget Class RingQt Classes Reference QWindow Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamAttribute Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamAttributes Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamEntityDeclaration Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamEntityResolver Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamNamespaceDeclaration Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamNotationDeclaration Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamReader Class RingQt Classes Reference QXmlStreamWriter Class RingQt Classes Reference

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Raise() Eval() and Debugging RandBytes() Security and Internet Functions Random Image Web Development (CGI Library) Random() Mathematical Functions Read File using Read() Files readline() Stdlib Functions Real Natual Code Natural Language Programming Recursion Functions - First Style Functions - Second Style Functions - Third Style Reference Compiler Errors Environment Errors Introduction Language Functions Language Grammar Language Keywords Runtime Errors Virtual Machine Instructions Reflection and Meta-programming Introduction addattribute() addmethod() attributes() cfunctions() classes() classname() functions() getattribute() globals() isattribute() iscfunction() isclass() isfunction() isglobal() islocal() ismethod() isobject() ispackage() ispackagesclass() isprivateattribute() isprivatemethod() locals() mergemethods() methods() objectid() packagename() packages() packagesclasses() setattribute() Register New Functions Code Generator Regular Expressions Desktop and Mobile Development Relational Operators Operators Remove() Files Rename() Files Resources Contact the Autor Introduction Ring Group Ring Language Website Restore Image From The Database MySQL Functions Return object by reference Declarative Programming Return Self by Reference What is new in Ring 1.3? Return Value Extension Functions - First Style Functions - Second Style Functions - Third Style Reverse() Lists Rewind() Files Right() Strings Ring and other languages Introduction RING API - list Functions Extension RING API - String Functions Extension Ring CGI Hello World Program Web Development (CGI Library) Ring Group Resources Ring Language Website Resources Ring mode for Emacs Editor What is new in Ring 1.3? Ring Notepad Introduction Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first GUI application Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first Web application Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first console application Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first game Ring Notepad - Main Window The Browser Menu The Distribute Menu The Edit Menu The File Menu The Help Menu The Main File in the Project The Program Menu The Tools Menu The View Menu Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first console application Ring Notepad Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first game Ring Notepad Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first GUI application Ring Notepad Ring Notepad - Creating and running your first Web application Ring Notepad Ring Notepad - Main Window Ring Notepad Ring State Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs Ring State Functions Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs Ring State Variables Embedding Ring Language in C/C++ Programs Ring VM - Tracing Functions What is new in Ring 1.5? ring_ext.c Extension ring_ext.h Extension ring_state_setvar() Embedding Ring in Ring RingAllegro Functions Reference Introduction RingCodeHighlighter Class RingQt Classes Reference RingConsoleColors Extension What is new in Ring 1.6? RingConsoleColors Functions Reference Introduction RingFreeGLUT Extension What is new in Ring 1.5? RingFreeGLUT Functions Reference Introduction RingLibCurl Facebook Login Get Request Get Stock Data From Yahoo Introduction Post Request Save output to string What is new in Ring 1.2? RingLibCurl Functions Reference Introduction

RingLibSDL Close Window Event Create Window Display Image Display PNG Images Display Transparent Images Draw Rectangle Introduction Mouse Events Play Sound Switch Between Two Images Use TTF Fonts What is new in Ring 1.1? RingLibSDL Functions Reference Introduction RingLibZip Functions Reference Introduction RingMurmurHash Extension What is new in Ring 1.6? RingMurmurHash Functions Reference Example Introduction MurmurHash1 functions MurmurHash2 functions MurmurHash3 functions RingOpenGL (OpenGL 1.1) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 1.2) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 1.3) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 1.4) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 1.5) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 2.0) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 2.1) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 3.0) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 3.1) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 3.2) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 3.3) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 4.0) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 4.1) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 4.2) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 4.3) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 4.4) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 4.5) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL (OpenGL 4.6) Functions Reference Introduction RingOpenGL Extension What is new in Ring 1.5? RingQt Classes and their Qt Documentation Desktop and Mobile Development RingQt Classes Reference CodeEditor Class Introduction QAbstractButton Class QAbstractItemView Class QAbstractScrollArea Class QAbstractSlider Class QAbstractSocket Class QAbstractSpinBox Class QAction Class QAllEvents Class QApp Class QAxBase Class QAxObject Class QBitmap Class QBluetoothAddress Class QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent Class QBluetoothDeviceInfo Class QBluetoothHostInfo Class QBluetoothLocalDevice Class QBoxLayout Class QBrush Class QBuffer Class QButtonGroup Class QByteArray Class QCamera Class QCameraImageCapture Class QCameraViewfinder Class QCheckBox Class QColor Class QColorDialog Class QComboBox Class QCompleter Class QCompleter2 Class QCompleter3 Class QCoreApplication Class QCursor Class QDate Class QDateEdit Class QDateTime Class QDateTimeEdit Class QDesktopServices Class QDesktopWidget Class QDial Class QDialog Class QDir Class QDirModel Class QDockWidget Class QEvent Class QFileDialog Class QFileInfo Class QFileSystemModel Class QFont Class QFontDialog Class QFontMetrics Class QFrame Class QFrame2 Class QFrame3 Class QGradient Class QGraphicsVideoItem Class QGridLayout Class QGuiApplication Class QHBoxLayout Class QHeaderView Class QHostAddress Class QHostInfo Class QIODevice Class QIcon Class QImage Class QInputDialog Class QJsonArray Class QJsonDocument Class QJsonObject Class QJsonParseError Class QJsonValue Class QKeySequence Class QLCDNumber Class QLabel Class QLayout Class QLineEdit Class QLinearGradient Class QListView Class QListWidget Class QListWidgetItem Class QMainWindow Class QMdiArea Class QMdiSubWindow Class QMediaObject Class QMediaPlayer Class QMediaPlaylist Class QMenu Class QMenuBar Class QMessageBox Class QMutex Class QMutexLocker Class QNetworkAccessManager Class QNetworkProxy Class QNetworkReply Class QNetworkRequest Class QObject Class QPainter Class QPainter2 Class QPainterPath Class QPen Class QPicture Class QPixmap Class QPixmap2 Class QPlainTextEdit Class QPoint Class QPointF Class QPrinter Class QProcess Class QProgressBar Class QPushButton Class QRadioButton Class QRect Class QRegion Class QRegularExpression Class QRegularExpressionMatch Class QRegularExpressionMatchIterator Class QScreen Class QScrollArea Class QSerialPort Class QSerialPortInfo Class QSize Class QSlider Class QSpinBox Class QSplashScreen Class QSplitter Class QSqlDatabase Class QSqlDriver Class QSqlDriverCreatorBase Class QSqlError Class QSqlField Class QSqlIndex Class QSqlQuery Class QSqlRecord Class QStatusBar Class QString2 Class QStringList Class QStringRef Class QSystemTrayIcon Class QTabWidget Class QTableView Class QTableWidget Class QTableWidgetItem Class QTcpServer Class QTcpSocket Class QTest Class QTextBlock Class QTextBrowser Class QTextCharFormat Class QTextCodec Class QTextCursor Class QTextDocument Class QTextEdit Class QThread Class QThreadPool Class QTime Class QTimer Class QToolBar Class QToolButton Class QTreeView Class QTreeWidget Class QTreeWidgetItem Class QUrl Class QUuid Class QVBoxLayout Class QVariant Class QVideoWidget Class QVideoWidgetControl Class QWebView Class QWidget Class QWindow Class QXmlStreamAttribute Class QXmlStreamAttributes Class QXmlStreamEntityDeclaration Class QXmlStreamEntityResolver Class QXmlStreamNamespaceDeclaration Class QXmlStreamNotationDeclaration Class QXmlStreamReader Class QXmlStreamWriter Class RingCodeHighlighter Class RingREPL What is new in Ring 1.4? RingSQLite What is new in Ring 1.1? ringvm_callfunc() Low Level Functions RingVM_CallList() Low Level Functions RingVM_CFunctionsList() Low Level Functions RingVM_ClassesList() Low Level Functions ringvm_evalinscope() Low Level Functions RingVM_FilesList() Low Level Functions RingVM_FunctionsList() Low Level Functions ringvm_hideerrorMsg() Low Level Functions RingVM_MemoryList() Low Level Functions RingVM_PackagesList() Low Level Functions ringvm_passerror() Low Level Functions ringvm_scopescount() Low Level Functions ringvm_settrace() Low Level Functions ringvm_tracedata() Low Level Functions ringvm_traceevent() Low Level Functions ringvm_tracefunc() Low Level Functions RingZip Create Zip File Extract Zip File Introduction Print files in Zip file Using RingZip Classes Zip Class Reference ZipEntry Class Reference RingZip Library What is new in Ring 1.3? Rotate Text Desktop and Mobile Development Rules The Type Hints Library Run the program Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style Running Forms Form Designer Runtime Errors Reference

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Samples How to contribute? Samples in this book Applications developed in little hours Samples Source (Authors) Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Save and Restore Images ODBC Functions Save Image Inside the Database MySQL Functions Save output to string RingLibCurl Scaling and Rotating Images Graphics and Game Programming Scope Rules Accessing the class attributes from braces inside class methods Conflict between Class Attributes and Local Variables Conflict between Global Variables and Class Attributes Conflict between self inside braces and self in the class region Creating a Class for each Window in GUI applications Defining Variables and Variables Access How Ring find the Variable? Introduction Summary of Scope Rules The Self Object Three Scopes Using Braces to access objects inside Class Methods Using Object.Attribute Using braces to escape from the current object scope Scope Rules for Functions and Methods Calling a function sharing the name with a method in the current class Example about Sharing Names between Functions and Methods How Ring find a functions and methods? Introduction ScriptFunctions Class Web Development (CGI Library) Search Lists Search of global names while defining the class attributes Frequently Asked Questions Security and Internet Functions Decrypt() Download() Encrypt() Example File Hash Introduction MD5() RandBytes() SHA1() SHA224() SHA256() SHA384() SHA512() SendEmail() Security Class Stdlib Classes Send Parameters Functions - First Style Functions - Second Style Functions - Third Style SendEmail() Security and Internet Functions Serial Execution of Programs Embedding Ring in Ring Set List Item Lists setattribute() Reflection and Meta-programming Setter and Getter Object Oriented Programming SHA1() Security and Internet Functions SHA224() Security and Internet Functions SHA256() Security and Internet Functions SHA384() Security and Internet Functions SHA512() Security and Internet Functions Shared Libraries Extension Short-circuit evaluation Control Structures - First Style Shutdown() Function System Functions sign() Stdlib Functions Simple Language Design Simple Client and Server Example Desktop and Mobile Development Sin() Implementation Extension Single: Desktop and Mobile Development Introduction sleep() Stdlib Functions Smart Garbage Collector Language Design Sort() Lists Sort() and List of Objects Object Oriented Programming Sound Class Game Engine for 2D Games Source Code File Sections Program Structure space() Low Level Functions Special thanks to contributors How to contribute? split() Stdlib Functions splitmany() Stdlib Functions

Sprite Automatic Movement Game Engine for 2D Games Sprite Class Game Engine for 2D Games Sprite Keypress Event Game Engine for 2D Games Sprite Mouse Event Game Engine for 2D Games Sprite State Event Game Engine for 2D Games SQLite Introduction sqlite_close() sqlite_execute() sqlite_init() sqlite_open() SQLite Class Stdlib Classes sqlite_close() SQLite sqlite_execute() SQLite sqlite_init() SQLite sqlite_open() SQLite Squares Puzzle Game Applications developed in little hours Stack Class Stdlib Classes Stars Fighter Game Game Engine for 2D Games startswith() Stdlib Functions StdBase Class Stdlib Classes Stdlib Classes Conversion Class DataType Class DateTime Class Debug Class File Class HashTable Class Internet Class Introduction List Class Math Class MySQL Class ODBC Class Queue Class SQLite Class Security Class Stack Class StdBase Class String Class System Class Tree Class Stdlib Functions EpochTime() FSize() Introduction JustFileName() JustFilePath() ListAllFiles() Function OSCopyFile() Function OSCopyFolder() Function OSCreateOpenFolder() Function OSDeleteFile() Function OSDeleteFolder() Function OSRenameFile() Function Print2Str() Function SystemCmd() Function SystemSilent() Function TrimAll() TrimLeft() TrimRight() apppath() binarydigits() capitalized() changestring() dayofweek() direxists() endswith() evenorodd() factorial() factors() fibonacci() file2list() filter() gcd() getnumber() getstring() isleapyear() ismainsourcefile() isprime() isspecial() isvowel() lcm() linecount() list2file() makedir() map() matrixmulti() matrixtrans() newlist() palindrome() permutation() print() prodlist() puts() readline() sign() sleep() split() splitmany() startswith() substring() sumlist() times() value() StdLib functions and classes written in Ring What is new in Ring 1.1? Step Option Control Structures - First Style Str2Hex() Data Type str2list() and list2str() Strings strcmp() Strings String Class Stdlib Classes String Literals Strings String() Data Type Strings Access String Letters Convert Letters Case Copy() Find SubString Get Number of Characters from position Get String Length Get Substring from position to end Introduction Left() Lines() Right() String Literals Substr() Transform Substring To Another Substring Trim() str2list() and list2str() strcmp() StyleFunctions Class Web Development (CGI Library) Substr() Strings substring() Stdlib Functions sumlist() Stdlib Functions Summary of Scope Rules Scope Rules Super Man 2016 Game Game Engine for 2D Games Swap Items Lists Switch Between Two Images RingLibSDL Switch Statement Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Second Style Control Structures - Third Style Syntax Flexibility Change Language Keywords Change Language Operators Introduction Load Syntax Files Using "()" around the function parameters Using $ and @ in the start of the variable name Using 'case' as 'on' in switch statements Using 'def' as 'func' in functions/methods definition Using 'end' keyword after Packages/Classes/Functions Using 'endpackage'/'endclass'/'endfunc' keywords after Packages/Classes/Functions Using 'put' and 'get' as 'see' and 'give' Using Semi-colon after and between statements Using braces to start and end different control structures Using braces { } in Packages/Classes/Functions Using the 'else' keyword as 'other' in switch statement Using the 'elseif' keyword as 'but' in if statement Using the 'end' keyword in different control structures What is new in Ring 1.1? SysGet() Function System Functions System Class Stdlib Classes System Functions ChDir() Function CurrentDir() Function Example ExeFileName() Function ExeFolder() Function Get Active Source File Name Get Command Line Arguments Introduction IsAndroid() Function IsFreeBSD() Function IsLinux() Function IsMSDOS() Function IsMacOSX() Function IsUnix() Function IsWindows() Function IsWindows64() Function PrevFileName() Function Shutdown() Function SysGet() Function System() Function Version() Function Windowsnl() Function System() Function System Functions SystemCmd() Function Stdlib Functions SystemSilent() Function Stdlib Functions

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Tempfile() Files Templates Web Development (CGI Library) Tempname() Files Testing How to contribute? Text Class Game Engine for 2D Games The Browser Menu Ring Notepad The Camera Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics The Cards Game Demo Programs Desktop and Mobile Development The Designer Windows Form Designer, [1] The Difference between Qt and RingQt Desktop and Mobile Development The Distribute Menu Ring Notepad The documentation says functional programming is supported, but then this happens? Frequently Asked Questions The Edit Menu Ring Notepad The File Menu Ring Notepad The First GUI Application Desktop and Mobile Development The First Triangle Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics The First Window using RingFreeGLUT Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics The Help Menu Ring Notepad The Main File in the Project Ring Notepad The Natural Library What is new in Ring 1.4? The Program Menu Ring Notepad The Properties Form Designer The Self Object Scope Rules The Tools Menu Ring Notepad The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger BreakPoint Disable BreakPoints Execute Program Line by Line Interactive Debugger Introduction Loading the Trace library Pass Error Trace All Events Trace control flow between functions Using the Interactive Debugger The Type Hints Library Example Introduction to the Type Hints Library Rules User Types Using Types inside Code Why Type Hints? The View Menu Ring Notepad

Threads Graphics and Game Programming Threads Support Code Generator Three Scopes Scope Rules TicTacToe 3D Game Using RingOpenGL and RingAllegro for 3D Graphics TicTacToe Game Applications developed in little hours Time() Date and Time TimeList() Date and Time times() Stdlib Functions Trace All Events The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger Trace control flow between functions The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger Trace Library and Interactive Debugger What is new in Ring 1.5? Transaction Example MySQL Functions Transactions and Using Commit and Rollback ODBC Functions Transform Substring To Another Substring Strings Transparent Image Graphics and Game Programming Transparent Implementation Language Design Tree Class Stdlib Classes Triangle Rotation Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Trim() Strings TrimAll() Stdlib Functions TrimLeft() Stdlib Functions TrimRight() Stdlib Functions TrueType Fonts Graphics and Game Programming Try/Carch/Done Eval() and Debugging Trying to be natural Language Design Type Hints Library What is new in Ring 1.5? Type() Data Type

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Ungetc() Files Unsigned() Mathematical Functions Update the Android SDK Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Upload Files Web Development (CGI Library) URL Encode Web Development (CGI Library) Use TTF Fonts RingLibSDL User Types The Type Hints Library Users registration and Login Web Development (CGI Library) Using "()" around the function parameters Syntax Flexibility Using $ and @ in the start of the variable name Syntax Flexibility Using && and || operators What is new in Ring 1.6? Using '<' and ':' operators as 'from' keyword What is new in Ring 1.3? Using 'case' as 'on' in switch statements Syntax Flexibility Using 'def' as 'func' in functions/methods definition Syntax Flexibility Using 'end' keyword after Packages/Classes/Functions Syntax Flexibility Using 'endpackage'/'endclass'/'endfunc' keywords after Packages/Classes/Functions Syntax Flexibility Using 'put' and 'get' as 'see' and 'give' Syntax Flexibility Using ? to print expression then new line Getting Started - First Style What is new in Ring 1.6? Using _ in numbers Mathematical Functions Using Atom Using Other Code Editors Using Bootstrap Library using Functions Web Development (CGI Library) Using Bootstrap Library using Objects Web Development (CGI Library) Using Braces to access objects inside Class Methods Scope Rules Using braces to escape from the current object scope Scope Rules Using braces to start and end different control structures Syntax Flexibility Using braces { } in Packages/Classes/Functions Syntax Flexibility Using C/C++ Compiler and Linker Distributing Ring Application Using configuration file that wrap C++ library Code Generator Using CR as Carriage return What is new in Ring 1.6? Using Emacs Editor Using Other Code Editors Using Eval() with our Natural Code Natural Language Programming Using f after numbers Mathematical Functions Using Fonts Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Using Geany Using Other Code Editors Using Layout Desktop and Mobile Development Using Layouts Form Designer Using Lists during definition Lists Using Many Source Code Files Program Structure Using Notepad++ Using Other Code Editors Using NULL instead of NULLPointer() What is new in Ring 1.2? Using Object.Attribute Scope Rules Using Other Code Editors Introduction Using Atom Using Emacs Editor Using Geany Using Notepad++ Using Sublime Text 2 Using Visual Studio IDE Using QCheckBox Desktop and Mobile Development

Using QComboBox Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using QDateEdit Desktop and Mobile Development Using QDesktopWidget Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using QDial Desktop and Mobile Development Using QDockWidget Desktop and Mobile Development Using QFrame Desktop and Mobile Development Using QInputDialog Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using qLCDNumber Desktop and Mobile Development Using QProgressBar Desktop and Mobile Development Using QProgressBar and Timer Desktop and Mobile Development Using QRadioButton and QButtonGroup Desktop and Mobile Development Using QSlider Desktop and Mobile Development Using QSpinBox Desktop and Mobile Development Using QTableWidget Desktop and Mobile Development Using QTabWidget Desktop and Mobile Development Using QTreeView and QFileSystemModel Desktop and Mobile Development Using QTreeWidget and QTreeWidgetItem Desktop and Mobile Development Using QWebView Desktop and Mobile Development Using Ring2EXE Building RingQt Applications for Mobile Distributing Ring Application using Ring2EXE Using RingOpenGL and RingAllegro for 3D Graphics 3D Cube and Texture Introduction Many Cubes TicTacToe 3D Game Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Drawing using RingOpenGL Frames Per Second Introduction Keyboard Events and Colors Make a Cube using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT Menu Events Mouse Events Samples Source (Authors) The Camera The First Triangle The First Window using RingFreeGLUT Triangle Rotation Using Fonts What is RingFreeGLUT? What is RingOpenGL? Window Resize Event Using RingZip Classes RingZip Using Self.Attribute Object Oriented Programming Using Self.Attribute in the Class Region to define new attributes What is new in Ring 1.1? Using Semi-colon after and between statements Syntax Flexibility Using Sublime Text 2 Using Other Code Editors Using Tab instead of char(9) What is new in Ring 1.6? Using the ! operator as not What is new in Ring 1.6? Using the 'else' keyword as 'other' in switch statement Syntax Flexibility Using the 'elseif' keyword as 'but' in if statement Syntax Flexibility Using the 'end' keyword in different control structures Syntax Flexibility Using the Interactive Debugger The Trace Library and the Interactive Debugger Using the Natural Library Defining Commands Defining commands using classes Introduction Natural Library - Demo Program Operators Using the QColorDialog Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QFileDialog Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QListWidget Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QTextEdit Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the QTimer Class Desktop and Mobile Development Using the tool Code Generator Using This.Attribute in nested Braces inside the Class Methods What is new in Ring 1.1? Using Types inside Code The Type Hints Library Using Visual Studio IDE Using Other Code Editors

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value() Stdlib Functions Variables Deep Copy Dynamic Typing Introduction Weakly Typed Variables Scope Functions - First Style Functions - Second Style Functions - Third Style varptr() Low Level Functions

Version() Function System Functions Video-Music-Player Application Applications developed in little hours What is new in Ring 1.5? Virtual Machine Instructions Reference Visual Implementation Language Design

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Weakly Typed Variables Web Development (CGI Library) Application Class CRUD Example using MVC Configure the Apache web server Cookies Database, ModelBase & ControllerBase classes Generating Pages using Objects Gradient HTML Lists HTML Special Characters HTML Tables HTTP Get Example HTTP POST Example Hash Functions Hello World Program using the Web Library HtmlPage Class, [1] Introduction Page Class Random Image Ring CGI Hello World Program ScriptFunctions Class StyleFunctions Class Templates URL Encode Upload Files Users registration and Login Using Bootstrap Library using Functions Using Bootstrap Library using Objects Web Library Features WebLib API WebPage Class Web Library Features Web Development (CGI Library) WebLib API Web Development (CGI Library) WebPage Class Web Development (CGI Library) Weight History Application Desktop and Mobile Development Werdy Application Applications developed in little hours What about predefined parameters or optional parameters in functions? Frequently Asked Questions What about the Boolean values in Ring? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over C# or Java? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over Lisp or Smalltalk? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over native C or C++? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over Python and Ruby? Frequently Asked Questions What are the advantages to using Ring over Tcl and Lua? Frequently Asked Questions What happens when we create a new object? Frequently Asked Questions What is new in Ring 1.1? Better Code Generator for Extensions Better Documentation Better Natural Language Programming Support Game Engine for 2D Games Generate/Execute Ring Object Files (*.ringo) Introduction List of changes and new features New Functions and Changes RingLibSDL RingSQLite StdLib functions and classes written in Ring Syntax Flexibility Using Self.Attribute in the Class Region to define new attributes Using This.Attribute in nested Braces inside the Class Methods What is new in Ring 1.2? Better Call Command Better Functions Better Quality Better Ring Notepad Better RingQt Display Warnings Option Introduction List of changes and new features New Functions Objects Library for RingQt RingLibCurl Using NULL instead of NULLPointer() What is new in Ring 1.3? Better Loop|Exit Command Better Ring Notepad Better RingQt Better StdLib Embedding Ring in Ring without sharing the State Form Designer Introduction List of changes and new features New Functions Return Self by Reference Ring mode for Emacs Editor RingZip Library Using '<' and ':' operators as 'from' keyword What is new in Ring 1.4.1? What is new in Ring 1.4? What is new in Ring 1.4? Better RingQt Better StdLib Better WebLib Change: Basic Extensions are separated from RingVM Convert between Numbers and Bytes Introduction List of changes and new features New Style to Ring Notepad Qt Class Convertor RingREPL The Natural Library What is new in Ring 1.4.1? What is new in Ring 1.5.1? What is new in Ring 1.5? What is new in Ring 1.5.2? What is new in Ring 1.5? What is new in Ring 1.5.3? What is new in Ring 1.5? What is new in Ring 1.5.4? What is new in Ring 1.5? What is new in Ring 1.5? Better Code Generator for Extensions Better Documentation Generator for Extensions Better Objects Library Better Quality Better Ring Notepad Better RingQt Better StdLib Better WebLib Calculator Application Introduction List of changes and new features More Syntax Flexibility Ring VM - Tracing Functions RingFreeGLUT Extension RingOpenGL Extension Trace Library and Interactive Debugger Type Hints Library Video-Music-Player Application What is new in Ring 1.5.1? What is new in Ring 1.5.2? What is new in Ring 1.5.3? What is new in Ring 1.5.4? Windows StartUp Manager Application What is new in Ring 1.6? Better Ring For Android Better Ring Notepad Better RingQt Better RingREPL Better RingVM Better Scripts for building Ring Better StdLib Employee Application Introduction List of changes and new features New Tool: Folder2qrc New Tool: Ring2EXE RingConsoleColors Extension RingMurmurHash Extension Using && and || operators Using ? to print expression then new line Using CR as Carriage return Using Tab instead of char(9) Using the ! operator as not What is RingFreeGLUT? Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics What is RingOpenGL? Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics

What is the difference between Ring and Python? And is Ring Open Source? Frequently Asked Questions Where can I write a program and execute it? Frequently Asked Questions Which of 3 coding styles are commonly used or recommended by the community? Frequently Asked Questions While Loop Control Structures - First Style Control Structures - Third Style Why do we need Yet Another Programming Language (YAPL)? Frequently Asked Questions Why I get a strange result when printing nl with lists? Frequently Asked Questions Why I get Calling Function without definition Error? Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring is largely focussed on UI creation? Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring is not case-sensitive Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring is weakly typed? Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring uses 'See', 'Give', 'But' and 'Ok' Keywords? Frequently Asked Questions Why Ring? Language Design Why setClickEvent() doesn't see the object methods directly? Frequently Asked Questions Why the ability to define your own languages Instead of just handing over the syntax so you can parse it using whatever code you like? Frequently Asked Questions Why the Assignment operator uses Deep copy? Frequently Asked Questions Why the window title bar is going outside the screen? Frequently Asked Questions Why this example use the GetChar() twice? Frequently Asked Questions Why Type Hints? The Type Hints Library Why we don't use () after the qApp class name? Frequently Asked Questions Why you can specify the number of loops you want to break out of? Frequently Asked Questions Window Flags Form Designer Window Resize Event Using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D Graphics Windows StartUp Manager Application Applications developed in little hours What is new in Ring 1.5? Windowsnl() Function System Functions Wrap structures Code Generator Wrapping C++ Classes Code Generator Write file using Write() Files Writing Comments Getting Started - First Style Getting Started - Second Style Getting Started - Third Style

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Zip Class Reference RingZip

ZipEntry Class Reference RingZip