Tutorial: Ring Extensions in C/C++

In this chapter we will see simple examples about using C code in Ring programs

Hello World

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/helloworld

The file mylib.c contains

#include "ring.h"

#include "stdlib.h"

RING_FUNC(ring_myfunction)
{
        printf("Hello, World!");
}

RING_LIBINIT
{
        RING_API_REGISTER("myfunction",ring_myfunction);
}

As we see in the source code, we start with including the ring.h file which contains the definitions for Ring API

Then we use the RING_FUNC macro to define new functions, it’s a good idea to start the function definition with ring_ to make these definitions unique and different than normal C functions

Then we have the function RING_LIBINIT that will be called when the extension is loaded by the Ring VM

In this function we use the RING_API_REGISTER() function to register the new functions in Ring VM

Then we build the extension using :

buildvc.bat

The file buildvc.bat contains the next commands to build the extension using Visual C/C++

cls
call ../../../src/locatevc.bat
cl /c /DEBUG mylib.c -I"..\..\..\include"
link /DEBUG mylib.obj  ..\..\..\lib\ring.lib /DLL /OUT:mylib.dll /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE,"5.01"
del mylib.obj

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
loadlib("mylib.dll")

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!

Build the extension on different platforms

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/helloworld2

This extension is the same as the first one but in this time, we support Windows, Linux and macOS.

We will use the next files

buildvc.bat
buildgcc.sh
buildclang.sh

Where we use buildvc.bat in Windows, buildgcc.sh in Linux and buildclang.sh in macOS

The file buildgcc.sh contains the next commands

gcc -c -fpic mylib.c -I $PWD/../../../include
gcc -shared -o libmylib.so mylib.o -L $PWD/../../../lib -lring
sudo cp libmylib.so /usr/lib
sudo cp libmylib.so /usr/lib64

The file buildclang.sh contains

clang -c -fpic mylib.c -I $PWD/../../../include
clang -dynamiclib -o libmylib.dylib mylib.o  -L $PWD/../../../lib  -lring
cp libmylib.dylib /usr/local/lib

This time we use mylib.ring instead of using LoadLib() function directly

In mylib.ring we have the next code

if iswindows()
        LoadLib("mylib.dll")
but ismacosx()
        LoadLib("libmylib.dylib")
else
        LoadLib("libmylib.so")
ok

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!

Sum Two Numbers

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/sumtwonumbers

In this extension we learn how to create a C function to sum two numbers

This extension is an update to the (Hello World 2) extension in : ring/extensions/tutorial/helloworld2 folder

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_sumtwonumbers)
{
        double nNum1,nNum2,nSum;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 2) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS2PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! (RING_API_ISNUMBER(1) && RING_API_ISNUMBER(2)) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Sum Numbers
                nNum1 = RING_API_GETNUMBER(1);
                nNum2 = RING_API_GETNUMBER(2);
                nSum  = nNum1 + nNum2 ;
        // Return Output
                RING_API_RETNUMBER(nSum);
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("sumtwonumbers",ring_sumtwonumbers);

The previous code is written to check errors, and to be easy to understand

We can write short code like

RING_API_RETNUMBER(RING_API_GETNUMBER(1) + RING_API_GETNUMBER(2));

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8

Say Hello

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/sayhello

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that get a name as string then say hello.

This extension is an update to the (sumtwonumbers) extension in : ring/extensions/tutorial/sumtwonumbers folder

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_sayhello)
{
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 1) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS1PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! RING_API_ISSTRING(1) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        printf("Hello %s\n",RING_API_GETSTRING(1));
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("sayhello",ring_sayhello);

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud

Sum List of Numbers

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/sumlist

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that sum list of numbers.

This extension is an update to the (sayhello) extension in : ring/extensions/tutorial/sayhello folder

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_sumlist)
{
        List *pList;
        int x,nSum;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 1) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS1PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! RING_API_ISLIST(1) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Sum List Numbers
                nSum = 0;
                pList = RING_API_GETLIST(1);
                for(x=1 ; x <= ring_list_getsize(pList) ; x++) {
                        if ( ring_list_isdouble(pList,x) ) {
                                nSum += (int) ring_list_getdouble(pList,x) ;
                        }
                }
        // Return Output
                RING_API_RETNUMBER(nSum);
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("sumlist",ring_sumlist);

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

? "Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10"
aList = 1:10
? SumList(aList)

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud
Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10
55

Increment List Items

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/incrementlist

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that increment the list items.

This extension is an update to the (sumlist) extension in : ring/extensions/tutorial/sumlist folder

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_inclist)
{
        List *pList;
        int x,nSum;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 2) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS2PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! ( RING_API_ISLIST(1) && RING_API_ISNUMBER(2) ) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Increment List Items
                nSum = 0;
                pList = RING_API_GETLIST(1);
                for(x=1 ; x <= ring_list_getsize(pList) ; x++) {
                        if ( ring_list_isdouble(pList,x) ) {
                                ring_list_setdouble(pList,x,
                                        ring_list_getdouble(pList,x)+
                                        RING_API_GETNUMBER(2)) ;
                        }
                }
        // Return Output
                RING_API_RETLIST(pList);
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("inclist",ring_inclist);

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

? "Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10"
aList = 1:10
? SumList(aList)

? "Increment List Items"
? inclist(aList,10)

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud
Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10
55
Increment List Items
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Filter List Items

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/filterlist

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that filter the list items.

This extension is an update to the (incrementlist) extension in : ring/extensions/tutorial/incrementlist folder

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_filterlist)
{
        List *pList;
        int x;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 2) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS2PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! ( RING_API_ISLIST(1) && RING_API_ISNUMBER(2) ) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Filter List Items
                pList = RING_API_GETLIST(1);
                for(x = ring_list_getsize(pList) ; x >= 1 ; x--)
                        if ( ring_list_isdouble(pList,x) )
                                if ( ! (ring_list_getdouble(pList,x) >
                                                 RING_API_GETNUMBER(2)) )
                                        ring_list_deleteitem(pList,x) ;
        // Return Output
                RING_API_RETLIST(pList);
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("filterlist",ring_filterlist);

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

? "Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10"
aList = 1:10
? SumList(aList)

? "Increment List Items"
? inclist(aList,10)

? "Filter List Items (Items > 15)"
? filterlist(aList,15)

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud
Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10
55
Increment List Items
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20


Filter List Items (Items > 15)
16
17
18
19
20

Replicate List Items

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/replicatelist

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that add more items to the list.

This extension is an update to the (filterlist) extension in : ring/extensions/tutorial/filterlist folder

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_replicatelist)
{
        List *pList;
        int x,y,nTimes,nSize;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 2) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS2PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! ( RING_API_ISLIST(1) && RING_API_ISNUMBER(2) ) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Replicate List Items
                pList = RING_API_GETLIST(1);
                nSize = ring_list_getsize(pList);
                nTimes = (int) RING_API_GETNUMBER(2);
                if (nTimes < 1) {
                        RING_API_ERROR("Error: The second parameter must be >= 1 \n");
                        return;
                }
                for(x = 1 ; x <= nTimes ; x++)
                        for(y = 1 ; y <= nSize ; y++)
                                if ( ring_list_isdouble(pList,y) )
                                        ring_list_adddouble(pList,
                                                ring_list_getdouble(pList,y));
        // Return Output
                RING_API_RETLIST(pList);
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("replicatelist",ring_replicatelist);

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

? "Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10"
aList = 1:10
? SumList(aList)

? "Increment List Items"
? inclist(aList,10)

? "Filter List Items (Items > 15)"
? filterlist(aList,15)

aList = 1:3
? "Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)"
? replicatelist(aList,3)

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud
Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10
55
Increment List Items
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20


Filter List Items (Items > 15)
16
17
18
19
20

Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

Generate List

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/generatelist

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that create new list and add items to the list.

This extension is an update to the (replicatelist) extension in : ring/extensions/tutorial/replicatelist folder

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_generatelist)
{
        List *pList;
        int x,nSize;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 1) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS1PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! RING_API_ISNUMBER(1) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Create the List
                pList = RING_API_NEWLIST;
        // Generate List Items
                nSize = (int) RING_API_GETNUMBER(1);
                if (nSize < 1) {
                        RING_API_ERROR("Error: The list size must be >= 1 \n");
                        return;
                }
                for(x = 1 ; x <= nSize ; x++)
                        ring_list_adddouble(pList,(double) x);
        // Return Output
                RING_API_RETLIST(pList);
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("generatelist",ring_generatelist);

The file test.ring contains

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

? "Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10"
aList = 1:10
? SumList(aList)

? "Increment List Items"
? inclist(aList,10)

? "Filter List Items (Items > 15)"
? filterlist(aList,15)

aList = 1:3
? "Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)"
? replicatelist(aList,3)

? "Create list contains 5 items using C code"
aList = GenerateList(5)
? aList

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud
Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10
55
Increment List Items
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20


Filter List Items (Items > 15)
16
17
18
19
20

Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

Create list contains 5 items using C code
1
2
3
4
5

Display List

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/displaylist

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that display all of the list items including nested lists

In mylib.c we update the file to add

void mylib_displaylist(List *pList);

RING_FUNC(ring_displaylist)
{
        List *pList;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 1) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS1PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! RING_API_ISLIST(1) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Get the List
                pList = RING_API_GETLIST(1);
        // Display the List Items including Nested Lists
                mylib_displaylist(pList);
}

void mylib_displaylist(List *pList) {
        int x;
        for (x=1; x <= ring_list_getsize(pList); x++) {
                if ( ring_list_isdouble(pList,x) ) {
                        printf("Number : %f \n", ring_list_getdouble(pList,x) ) ;
                } else if ( ring_list_isstring(pList,x) ) {
                        printf("String : %s \n", ring_list_getstring(pList,x) ) ;
                } else if ( ring_list_islist(pList,x) ) {
                        printf("Sub List..\n");
                        mylib_displaylist( ring_list_getlist(pList,x) );
                }
        }
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("displaylist",ring_displaylist);

The file test.ring contains

load "stdlib.ring"

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

? "Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10"
aList = 1:10
? SumList(aList)

? "Increment List Items"
? inclist(aList,10)

? "Filter List Items (Items > 15)"
? filterlist(aList,15)

aList = 1:3
? "Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)"
? replicatelist(aList,3)

? "Create list contains 5 items using C code"
aList = GenerateList(5)
? aList

? "Create List (3,2)"
aList = newList(3,2)
aList[1][1] = "R 1 C 1"
aList[1][2] = "R 1 C 2"
aList[2][1] = "R 2 C 1"
aList[2][2] = "R 2 C 2"
aList[3][1] = "R 3 C 1"
aList[3][2] = "R 3 C 2"
? "Print the List using Ring"
? aList
? "Print the List by calling C Code"
displayList(aList)

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud
Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10
55
Increment List Items
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20


Filter List Items (Items > 15)
16
17
18
19
20

Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

Create list contains 5 items using C code
1
2
3
4
5

Create List (3,2)
Print the List using Ring
R 1 C 1
R 1 C 2
R 2 C 1
R 2 C 2
R 3 C 1
R 3 C 2

Print the List by calling C Code
Sub List..
String : R 1 C 1
String : R 1 C 2
Sub List..
String : R 2 C 1
String : R 2 C 2
Sub List..
String : R 3 C 1
String : R 3 C 2

Update Table

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/updatetable

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that update a table contains rows and columns

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_updatetable)
{
        List *pList, *pRow;
        int nRow,nCol;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 2) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS2PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! ( RING_API_ISLIST(1) && RING_API_ISNUMBER(2) ) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Get the List (Represent a Table)
                pList = RING_API_GETLIST(1);
        // Update the Table Rows and Columns
        for (nRow = 1 ; nRow <= ring_list_getsize(pList) ; nRow++ ) {
                if ( ring_list_islist(pList,nRow) ) {
                pRow = ring_list_getlist(pList,nRow);
                for (nCol = 1 ; nCol <= ring_list_getsize(pRow) ; nCol++ ) {
                        if ( ring_list_isdouble(pRow,nCol) ) {
                                ring_list_setdouble(pRow,nCol,RING_API_GETNUMBER(2));
                        } else {
                                RING_API_ERROR("Error : We expect numbers!\n");
                                return ;
                        }
                }
                } else {
                        RING_API_ERROR("Error : The parameter is not a table! \n");
                        return ;
                }
        }
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("updatetable",ring_updatetable);

The file test.ring contains

load "stdlib.ring"

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

? "Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10"
aList = 1:10
? SumList(aList)

? "Increment List Items"
? inclist(aList,10)

? "Filter List Items (Items > 15)"
? filterlist(aList,15)

aList = 1:3
? "Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)"
? replicatelist(aList,3)

? "Create list contains 5 items using C code"
aList = GenerateList(5)
? aList

? "Create List (3,2)"
aList = newList(3,2)
aList[1][1] = "R 1 C 1"
aList[1][2] = "R 1 C 2"
aList[2][1] = "R 2 C 1"
aList[2][2] = "R 2 C 2"
aList[3][1] = "R 3 C 1"
aList[3][2] = "R 3 C 2"
? "Print the List using Ring"
? aList
? "Print the List by calling C Code"
displayList(aList)
? ""

? "Create List (2,2)"
aList = newList(2,2)
? "Update the list using C code - set all cells to 10"
UpdateTable(aList,10)
? "aList[1][1] : " + aList[1][1]
? "aList[1][2] : " + aList[1][2]
? "aList[2][1] : " + aList[2][1]
? "aList[2][2] : " + aList[2][2]

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud
Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10
55
Increment List Items
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20


Filter List Items (Items > 15)
16
17
18
19
20

Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

Create list contains 5 items using C code
1
2
3
4
5

Create List (3,2)
Print the List using Ring
R 1 C 1
R 1 C 2
R 2 C 1
R 2 C 2
R 3 C 1
R 3 C 2

Print the List by calling C Code
Sub List..
String : R 1 C 1
String : R 1 C 2
Sub List..
String : R 2 C 1
String : R 2 C 2
Sub List..
String : R 3 C 1
String : R 3 C 2

Create List (2,2)
Update the list using C code - set all cells to 10
aList[1][1] : 10
aList[1][2] : 10
aList[2][1] : 10
aList[2][2] : 10

Create Table

Sample : ring/extensions/tutorial/createtable

In this extension we learn how to create a C function that create a table contains rows and columns

In mylib.c we update the file to add

RING_FUNC(ring_createtable)
{
        List *pList, *pRow;
        int x,y,nRows,nCols;
        // Check Parameters Count
                if (RING_API_PARACOUNT != 2) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_MISS2PARA);
                        return;
                }
        // Check Parameters Type
                if ( ! ( RING_API_ISNUMBER(1) && RING_API_ISNUMBER(2) ) ) {
                        RING_API_ERROR(RING_API_BADPARATYPE);
                        return;
                }
        // Create the List
                pList = RING_API_NEWLIST;
        // Create the table items
                nRows = (int) RING_API_GETNUMBER(1);
                nCols = (int) RING_API_GETNUMBER(2);
                if ( (nRows < 1) || (nCols < 1) ) {
                RING_API_ERROR("Error: The table rows and columns must be >= 1 \n");
                return;
                }
                for(x = 1 ; x <= nRows ; x++) {
                        pRow = ring_list_newlist(pList);
                        for(y = 1 ; y <= nCols ; y++)
                                ring_list_adddouble(pRow,0.0);
                }
        // Return Output
                RING_API_RETLIST(pList);
}

Then we register the new function

RING_API_REGISTER("createtable",ring_createtable);

The file test.ring contains

load "stdlib.ring"

? "Loading Library"
load "mylib.ring"

? "Calling a C Function"
myfunction()

? "Sum Two Numbers (3,5)"
? SumTwoNumbers(3,5)

? "Say Hello"
SayHello("Mahmoud")

? "Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10"
aList = 1:10
? SumList(aList)

? "Increment List Items"
? inclist(aList,10)

? "Filter List Items (Items > 15)"
? filterlist(aList,15)

aList = 1:3
? "Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)"
? replicatelist(aList,3)

? "Create list contains 5 items using C code"
aList = GenerateList(5)
? aList

? "Create List (3,2)"
aList = newList(3,2)
aList[1][1] = "R 1 C 1"
aList[1][2] = "R 1 C 2"
aList[2][1] = "R 2 C 1"
aList[2][2] = "R 2 C 2"
aList[3][1] = "R 3 C 1"
aList[3][2] = "R 3 C 2"
? "Print the List using Ring"
? aList
? "Print the List by calling C Code"
displayList(aList)
? ""

? "Create List (2,2)"
aList = newList(2,2)
? "Update the list using C code - set all cells to 10"
UpdateTable(aList,10)
? "aList[1][1] : " + aList[1][1]
? "aList[1][2] : " + aList[1][2]
? "aList[2][1] : " + aList[2][1]
? "aList[2][2] : " + aList[2][2]
? ""

? "Create List (3,3) using C code"
aList = CreateTable(3,3)
? "aList[1][1] : " + aList[1][1]
? "aList[1][2] : " + aList[1][2]
? "aList[1][3] : " + aList[1][3]
? "aList[2][1] : " + aList[2][1]
? "aList[2][2] : " + aList[2][2]
? "aList[2][3] : " + aList[2][3]
? "aList[3][1] : " + aList[3][1]
? "aList[3][2] : " + aList[3][2]
? "aList[3][3] : " + aList[3][3]

Then we test the function using

ring test.ring

Output

Loading Library
Calling a C Function
Hello, World!
Sum Two Numbers (3,5)
8
Say Hello
Hello Mahmoud
Sum List contains numbers from 1 to 10
55
Increment List Items
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20


Filter List Items (Items > 15)
16
17
18
19
20

Replicate list (1:3) three times then print the items (We expect 12 items)
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3

Create list contains 5 items using C code
1
2
3
4
5

Create List (3,2)
Print the List using Ring
R 1 C 1
R 1 C 2
R 2 C 1
R 2 C 2
R 3 C 1
R 3 C 2

Print the List by calling C Code
Sub List..
String : R 1 C 1
String : R 1 C 2
Sub List..
String : R 2 C 1
String : R 2 C 2
Sub List..
String : R 3 C 1
String : R 3 C 2

Create List (2,2)
Update the list using C code - set all cells to 10
aList[1][1] : 10
aList[1][2] : 10
aList[2][1] : 10
aList[2][2] : 10

Create List (3,3) using C code
aList[1][1] : 0
aList[1][2] : 0
aList[1][3] : 0
aList[2][1] : 0
aList[2][2] : 0
aList[2][3] : 0
aList[3][1] : 0
aList[3][2] : 0
aList[3][3] : 0